Highly sensitive method for detection of viral hiv dna remaining after antiretroviral therapy of aids patients

ABSTRACT

Methods for detecting polynucleotides, especially the DNA replicated from samples obtained from subjects infected with pathogenic viruses such as human immunodefiency virus, by detecting electromagnetic signals (“EMS”) emitted by such polynucleotides, and methods for improving the sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction (“PCR”).

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §120 to U.S. Ser. No.12/797,826, filed Jun. 10, 2010 and under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S.Provisional 61/186,610, filed Jun. 12, 2009, each of which isincorporated by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

Methods for detecting polynucleotides, especially the DNA replicatedfrom samples obtained from subjects infected with pathogenic virusessuch as human immunodeficiency virus, by detecting electromagneticsignals (“EMS”) emitted by such polynucleotides, and methods forimproving the sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction (“PCR”).

Electromagnetic signals of low frequency have been shown to be producedin aqueous dilutions by Human Immunodeficiency Virus DNA. In vivo, HIVDNA signals are detected only in patients previously treated byantiretroviral therapy and having no detectable viral RNA copies intheir blood. It is suggested that the treatment of AIDS patients pushesthe virus towards a new mode of replication implying only DNA, thusforming a reservoir insensitive to retroviral inhibitors. Implicationsfor new approaches aimed at eradicating HIV infection are disclosed.

2. Description of the Related Art

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is now the standard treatment of HIVinfected patients. Generally composed of three or four inhibitors of theviral reverse transcriptase and protease, it results in a quasi completedisappearance of HIV viremia, or measured by the strong reduction ofviral RNA copies (viral load) in the patient's serum. The limit ofdetection of RNA copies by commercial kits (200 virus/ml or 40 virus/ml)is usually attained within 3 to 6 months when the virus is fullysensitive to the viral inhibitors. However, as soon as the treatment isinterrupted, virus multiplication resumes within weeks, as evidenced bythe increase of the virus load and the decrease of the CD4 T-cellnumbers.

This indicates that there is a viral reservoir to which the inhibitorshave no access or no effect. This reservoir is presumably made ofproviral DNA integrated in cells in a dormant state. It is shown thatART treatment of patients induces the release into their blood of HIVDNA sequences detectable by a new biophysical technology. The datasuggests that inhibition of infection at the reverse transcription stepis pushing the virus towards a low level of replication using only DNAtemplates. This would explain why the classical inhibitors used in ARTcannot achieve eradication of the viral infection.

Detection of electromagnetic waves of low frequency by high dilutions inwater of the DNA of pathogenic bacteria has been previously reported.This is a resonance phenomenon likely to be produced by polymerizedwater molecules organized by some DNA sequences. It has beencontemplated that the genetic material of viruses, particularly that ofHIV, could also induce the same transformation of water.

Pathogenic microorganisms in this day of age are not only submitted tohigh selective pressure by the immune defenses of their hosts but alsohave to survive under highly active antiviral treatments. Notsurprisingly, they have evolved in finding many ways to escape thesehostile conditions, such as mutations of resistance, hypervariability ofsurface antigens, protective biofilms, latency inside cells and tissues.It has been observed that some filtration procedures aimed atsterilizing biological fluids can yield under some defined conditionsthe infectious microorganism which was present before the filtrationstep. A 20 nM filtration did not retain a minor infective fraction ofHIV, the causal agent of AIDS, whose viral particles have a diameteraveraging 100-120 nM. In the course of investigating the nature of suchfiltering infectious forms, another property of the filtrates was foundthat may or may not be related to the former: their capacity to producesome electromagnetic waves of low frequency in a reproducible mannerafter appropriate dilutions in water.

The emission of such waves is likely to represent a resonance phenomenondepending on excitation by the ambient electromagnetic noise. It isassociated with the presence in the aqueous dilutions of polymericnanostructures of defined size. The supernatant of uninfected eukaryoticcells used as controls did not exhibit this property. Disclosed is afirst characterization of the electromagnetic signals (EMS) and of theirunderlying nanostructures produced by some purified viruses.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The disclosed invention includes:

A method of detecting electromagnetic signals (EMS) emitted by genes ofviruses, in particular genes from pathogenic viruses. Also, a method ofdetecting electromagnetic signals emitted by DNA or specific nucleotidesequences. The methods include steps of filtering, diluting, andvortexing of samples of body fluids, tissues or cells; or samples of DNAextracted from body fluids, tissues or cells. The samples are seriallydiluted with the samples being vigorously vortexed between each dilutionstep.

A method of improving the sensitivity of PCR by 10 to 100 times byprocessing samples with serial dilutions (1/10 at each step) andvigorous vortexing between each dilution step. Additionally, RNasetreatment of the filtered original sample can be combined with theserial dilution process.

A composition of viral genes, specific nucleotide sequences or DNA, ingeneral, that is able to emit EMS when the appropriate dilution of thesample is obtained by serial dilution and vortexing between eachdilution step.

A machine to process biological samples to automatically make theinitial solution of biological fluid or solution of DNA extracted from abiological sample of body fluid, tissue or cells; filter the originalsolution followed by serial dilutions of the sample with vortexing ofthe diluted sample before the next serial dilution; and detecting,measuring and analyzing an emitted EMS to determine if it corresponds toan EMS from a specific pathogenic virus or gene.

A machine to detect a pathogenic infection in a human or animal by anon-invasive method and detecting, measuring and analyzing an emittedEMS from a body part placed on a scanner surface. The detected EMS wouldbe compared to an EMS indicative of the specific pathogenic infection.

Additional embodiments of the disclosed invention are described below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS EMS in “Silent” and “Loud” Samples

FIGS. 1A, B and C show a typical background EMS detected in anunfiltered suspension or a negative low dilution, and how thisbackground noise appears after it has been analyzed with Fouriertransformation, graphic representation, and harmonics. FIG. 1A shows anEMS with large changes in the amplitude of the signal with small changesin frequency and small ranges between the high and low values. FIG. 1Bshows that the spikes are very small on the right side of the graph.FIG. 1C shows only small peaks near the origin and spaced along thegraph.

FIGS. 2 A, B and C show a typical EMS recording from the plasma DNA of apatient positive for HIV and who has received antiretroviral therapy.FIG. 1A shows a very different signal pattern. The amplitude of thesignal remains relatively constant with a higher frequency of spikes anda large range between the high and low value of each spike. FIG. 1Bshows that the spikes are very large on the right side of the graphs.FIG. 1C now shows large spikes near the origin with large spikes foundall along the base of the graph.

Stability of EMS in Sample

FIGS. 3A, B and C show the EMS emission from a sample of plasma from apatient positive for HIV and who has received antiretroviral therapy.The sample has been stored at C. The EMS recording on Day 0 in FIG. 3Ahas the typical appearance of only having background EMS with the rightside of the graph having small spikes. When the same sample has the EMSrecorded on Day 14 (FIG. 3B) and Day 34 (FIG. 3C), there is no change inthe EMS and it looks just like the recording taken on Day 0 (FIG. 3A).

FIGS. 4A, B and C show the EMS emission from a sample of plasma from apatient positive for HIV and who has received antiretroviral therapy.The sample has been stored at C; however it has been filtered anddiluted to 10⁻⁵ in serial steps of 1 part sample solution:9 partsdiluent (decimal dilution) with each step consisting of dilutionfollowed by vigorous and sustained vortexing of the prepared dilutedsolution. The sample was diluted in steps from the original sample to10⁻¹, 10⁻², 10⁻³, 10⁻⁴, and finally to 10⁻⁵. The EMS was recorded fromthe 10⁻⁵ dilution. The EMS recorded on Day 0 (FIG. 4A) has very largepeaks on the right side of the graph as compared to the peaks on theleft side of the graph. The EMS recorded on Day 14 (FIG. 4B) still haslarge peaks with the range of the peaks expanded a little more comparedto the recording on Day 0 (FIG. 4A). The EMS recording on Day 34 (FIG.4C) is very similar to Day 14 and still shows the typical pattern seenin a sample emitting an EMS from the HIV virus. The stability of the EMSgenerating entity appears to persist for many days and weeks in somesamples.

EMS Signal Versus Dilution of the Sample

FIGS. 5A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L show the EMS recording fromthe serial dilutions of a sample of plasma DNA from a patient positivefor HIV and who has received antiretroviral therapy. EMS recordings weretaken from each serial dilution from beginning with the original notfiltered (NF) sample (FIG. 5A) through the first dilution of 10⁻¹ (FIG.5B) through the intervening serial dilutions described by FIGS. 5C, 5D,5E, 5F, 5G, 5H, 5J, and 5K to the last dilution of 10⁻¹² (FIG. 5L).Also, it must be noted that each serial dilution was vigorously vortexedbefore making the next dilution in series. The EMS signal in thenon-filtered sample has the appearance of background noise with none ofthe typical changes in the signal pattern seen in an EMS emittingsample. Sample D5 (10⁻⁵ dilution) (FIG. 5E) begins to show the typicalpattern of an EMS emitting sample and this pattern continues in thesamples until D8 (10⁻⁸) (FIG. 5H). Sample D9 (10⁻⁹) (FIG. 5I) shows thatthe EMS pattern has reverted back to that seen in the non-filteredsample that is typical of background noise. This pattern continues inthe samples up to D12 (10⁻¹²) (FIG. 5L). These graphs show that lowdilutions and very high dilutions do not emit EMS. It is only thedilutions in the range of 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁸ that have the detectable EMS.

FIGS. 6A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L show the Fouriertransformation analysis of the same samples as in FIGS. 5A, B, C, D, E,F, G, H, I, J, K and L. These graphs more easily show the EMS from thesamples. Samples NF (FIG. 6A) to D4 (FIG. 6D) do not show any largepeaks on the right side of the graph. However, beginning with sample D5(FIG. 6E) and ending with sample D8 (FIG. 6H), the graphs show largepeaks on the right side of the graphs indicating the emission of EMSfrom the EMS generating entity associated with HIV infection. Finallysamples D9 to D12 reverted back to the pattern seen with backgroundnoise.

FIGS. 7A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L show the Fouriertransformation analysis presented with spikes rather than waves as inFIG. 6. These graphs allow an easier analysis of the EMS from thesamples. Samples NF (FIG. 7A) to D4 (FIG. 7D) and D9 to D12 (FIGS. I-L)do not show any spikes in the graph, which indicates the recording ofjust background noise. However, samples D5 to D8 (FIGS. 7E-7H) show manyspikes near the origin and multiple spikes along the base of the graph.This pattern shows the EMS emission indicating the presence ofnanostructures induced by HIV DNA.

EMS Recording Apparatus

FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of the equipment used to recordEMS from samples. A coil, bobbin of copper wire, surrounded the samplevial (2) to detect the EMS. The wires from this coil were connected to aSound Blaster Card (3), which in turn was connected to a laptop computer(4). A laptop computer is preferred since it can be run with batterypower, which eliminates some background EMS from AC current. Eachemission was recorded twice for 6 seconds, amplified 500 times andprocessed with different softwares for visualization of the signals onthe computer's screen. The main harmonics of the complex signals wereanalyzed by utilizing several softwares of Fourier transformation.

Increased Sensitivity of PCR

FIG. 9 is an electrophoretic gel showing the detection of DNA in each ofthe serial dilutions of a blood sample obtained from a patient positivefor HIV and receiving ART. The sample was processed with two differentmethods: 1) the typical method of mixing the diluted sample between eachserial dilution and 2) the improved method of vigorously vortexing thediluted sample between each serial dilution. The diluted samples wererun on the gel to detect the DNA present in each dilution. The samplesrun on the gel were from NF (original undiluted sample) to D I O(10⁻¹⁰). The NF band was the only band visible in the samples that werejust mixed between each step of serial dilutions (upper). However, bandswere visible for the NF, D2 (10⁻²) and D3 (10⁻³) samples when thesamples were vigorously vortexed between each serial dilution (lower).This improved method showed an increase of sensitivity by 100 times overthe typical methods used with PCR.

FIG. 10A, B and C together depict Table A that shows the representativeresults of an experiment testing for EMS in patients with varying levelsof HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy. The presence of EMS wastested in various samples from these patients: unfrozen blood plasma andsamples with DNA extracted from a frozen blood sample—Plasma DNA, WBC(white blood cells) DNA and RBC (red blood cells) DNA. The first groupof patients (B1-B4) was asymptomatic for HIV and had not receivedantiretroviral therapy. All samples from these patients, whether thesample was fresh plasma or DNA extracted from frozen blood, did not emitEMS at any dilution. These patients had HIV virus present in theirsamples, but their presence did not cause the emission of EMS. Thesecond group of patients (C1-C4) (FIG. 10A) was asymptomatic for HIV andhad received antiretroviral therapy. These patients' plasma and RBC DNAsamples emitted EMS; however the WBC samples did not emit EMS and weresilent. Also, it did not depend if the sample was from fresh plasma orDNA extracted from a frozen sample. Additionally, the dilution range foremitting EMS was very similar from sample source (Plasma, Plasma DNA,WBC DNA, and RBC DNA) and between patients (C1-C4) (FIGS. 10B and 10C).The dilution emitting EMS ranged from D3 (10⁻³) to D9 (10⁻⁹). It isimportant to note that the WBC DNA did not emit EMS, indicating that theEMS generating entity (probably DNA) was not present in these cells,although some of the WBC [CD4 lymphocytes and monocytes] are the targetfor the HIV virus. Additionally, the RBC DNA sample was positive foremitting EMS, even though RBC lack a nucleus. It is theorized that theEMS generating entity may be adsorbed to the exterior cell membrane ofthe RBC or associated with a cell that co-migrates with RBC duringfractionation. Also, the EMS generating entity may have the same densityas RBC and so be found in the RBC fraction. The third group of patients(D1-D4) (FIG. 10C) was symptomatic for HIV and had not receivedantiretroviral therapy, that is, showing full-blown AIDS. It isdifficult to find patients in the Developed World in this condition dueto the wide-spread use of antiretroviral therapy. However, it is verycommon to find patients with untreated AIDS in the Undeveloped World dueto high cost of the antiretroviral therapy drugs and lack of money bythe patients or their countries. During a trip to Central Africa,samples were obtained from patients with Full-Blown AIDS. Blood samplesfrom these symptomatic untreated patients were found not to emit EMS.None of the samples, whether fresh or from frozen samples, were found toemit EMS. This finding suggests that that the EMS generating entity isonly produced when the virus replication has been inhibited byantiretroviral therapy. If the production of this EMS generating entitywas just a step in the progression of the HIV infection, it would beexpected in patients with a long duration of infection, that is inpatients who are asymptomatic for AIDS and had not receivedantiretroviral therapy and patients who are symptomatic for HIV and hadnot received antiretroviral therapy, since both groups represent peoplewith long-term HIV infections. The finding that samples from symptomaticuntreated patients lacked EMS indicated that the process that producesthe EMS generating entity was probably associated with some“self-preservation” mechanism of the HIV virus to hide from the immunesystem of the infected animal.

FIGS. 11A and B show representative results of an experiment testing forEMS from DNA bands resulting from PCR and nested-PCR. Five HIV genes(Gag, Pol, Env, LTR, & Net) were amplified, isolated and samplesprepared and diluted with serial dilutions. There were differences inthe ability to emit EMS found between individual genes and whether theDNA was produced by PCR or nested-PCR. The Gag and Pol genes did notemit EMS from DNA produced by either PCR or nested-PCR (FIG. 11A). TheEnv, LTR and Nef genes showed EMS emission when the DNA was obtainedusing nested-PCR and the sample was diluted from 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻⁸ (FIG.11B). These results indicated that the EMS may be associated with aspecific gene or genes in the HIV virus. However, there may be othergenes or nucleic acid sequences that emit EMS.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the detection in a blood sample ofelectromagnetic signals coming from HIV DNA, in patients which haveundetectable viral RNA in their blood as measured by commercial existingtests.

This new test will allow elaborating new therapeutics aimed at reducingthe amount of this DNA, thus creating the possibility to eradicate theviral infection. In clinical sites, unfrozen plasma from fresh bloodsamples can be used and directly tested. Otherwise the plasma samplewill have to be shipped in a frozen state and DNA can be extracted fromthis plasma, as well as, from blood cells, including those associatedwith the erythrocyte fraction, and also from any tissue or body fluid.

The technology of detecting EMS from pathogenic particles was refinedand improved to the capture electromagnetic signals of HIV DNAsequences. Unlike the nanostructures induced in water by bacterial DNA,which passed through 100 nM filters but were retained by 20 nM filters,the HIV DNA nanostructures are smaller since they passed through 20 nMfilters. The range of dilutions are lower at which the EMS from virusescould be detected, starting from 10⁻³ up to 10⁻⁹ decimal (i.e., 1 partsample:9 parts diluent] dilutions. There is no detectable difference inthe profile of the signals at this level of technology, indicating thatit is probably due to a resonance phenomenon of water polymers.

The material structures at the origin of the signals are unlikely tocome from mature HIV virions, as they differ in density in sucrosegradient from the density of 1.16 of retroviruses. Moreover, in theblood of AIDS patients, they are produced by DNA and not RNA.

An important observation, although paradoxical, is that only HIV-relatedDNA sequences from patients treated with antiretroviral therapy andhaving no detectable RNA in their blood can be detected by EMS emissionand by PCR. Naïve untreated patients, either with high or low virusload, show no evidence of such DNA. This result was obtained withpatients of different geographic locations (North America, Europe, Westand Central Africa) presumably infected with different HIV subtypes.

Interestingly, this DNA is not only detected in the plasma fraction, butalso found associated with the erythrocyte fraction. As there is no DNAin mature erythrocytes, the viral DNA is probably present innanostructures bound to the erythrocyte membrane (exosomes) or innucleated cells that sedimented with the erythrocytes (i.e.,granulocytes). In treated patients still having a detectable virus load,the DNA was only found in the plasma fraction.

There are several possible source(s) of this DNA and possible roles bythis DNA. PCR analysis of the prototype HIV 1 Lai DNA indicated thatshort fragments of nested-PCR amplified DNA, in picogram amounts, arethe source of EMS, derived in particular from the LTR, Env and Nefgenes. Similarly, in the case of patient DNA, the LTR, Nef andEnv-derived amplicons were also EMS positive.

There may be in vivo DNA fragments corresponding to other genes whichare not picked-up by the primers currently used. Therefore it ispossible that the whole genome is represented as DNA fragments in theblood or even as an entire genomic molecule. The most simplisticexplanation for the presence of this DNA is that it reflects thebreakdown (e.g., apoptosis) of some infected cells containing theproviral DNA in a latent state. This would imply that afterantiretroviral treatment, these cells die and constitute a reservoirlarge enough to be continuously refilled by new living cells. A priori,there is no reason that such cells, unless they express some HIVproteins recognized by cytotoxic T cells, will be destroyed by theimmune reactions.

Possibly the DNA detected represents forms of unintegrated HIV DNA.Various circular DNA forms have been described during HIV infection invitro and in vivo. Sharkey et al. have even described the persistence ofepisomal forms of HIV DNA in some patients treated by antiretroviraltherapy with undetectable viral RNA in their blood. However their studywas focalized in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). However, ourstudy could not detect HIV DNA in PBMC, indicating it comes from othercell types and tissues. Another possible theory is that theantiretroviral therapy works efficiently to prevent reversetranscription of viral RNA into DNA and therefore blocks any productiveinfection of susceptible cells. However it will not prevent DNA-DNAreplication in a non-integrated state. In other words, the ART treatmentpushed the virus towards an alternate way of replication, probably minorand depending on a cellular DNA polymerase, but sufficient to maintainthe viral genetic information as unintegrated viral DNA and able toresume the normal viral cycle if ART is interrupted for any reason.

The DNA found in the blood circulation would then be a by-product ofthis DNA. The cells and tissues in which this DNA replication occurshave not been identified. This theory, if correct, would have someimportant implications for the eradication of HIV infection. If specificinhibitors can target this episomal replication, without damaging thecellular processes, a complete elimination of the HIV reservoir might beachieved and therefore eradication of HIV infection.

Experiments have indicated that this detection also applies at the scaleof the human body: the same EMS has been detected in the plasma and inthe DNA extracted from the plasma of patients suffering of Alzheimer,Parkinson disease, multiple Sclerosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis.

The physical nature of the nanostructures which support the EMSresonance remains to be determined. It is known from the very earlyX-ray diffraction studies of DNA that water molecules are tightlyassociated with the double helix, and any beginner in molecular biologyknows that DNA in water solution forms gels associating a larger numberof water molecules. Moreover, a number of physical studies have reportedthat water molecules can form long polymers of dipoles associated byhydrogen bonds (Ruan et al., 2004; Wernet el al., 2004). However theseassociations appear to be very short-lived (Cowan et al., 2005).

EXAMPLES Example 1 Measurement of Electromagnetic Signals

The plasma or DNA solution [1-4 ng/ml] is dissolved in PhosphateBuffered Saline (PBS) at the concentration of 10⁻², then filtered onMillipore 0.45 micrometer filter and the filtrate is refiltered onAnotop Whatman filter of 20 nanometer porosity. The filtrate is thendiluted in distilled water in 1.5 ml Eppendorf conical plastic tubes inserial 1 part sample:9 parts diluent [decimal] dilutions ranging from10⁻² to 10⁻¹⁵ and strongly agitated on a vortex for at least 15 seconds.

Plasma is prepared by centrifugation of heparinized blood of patientspresenting with conditions of: 1) Asymptomatic, untreated; 2)Symptomatic, not yet treated, with high virus load; or 3) Symptomatic,treated by antiretroviral therapy with no detectable virus load bycommercial kits (<200 RNA copies/ml).

EMS was only detected in the plasma of the third category (30 out of30), in plasma dilutions ranging from 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁸. Results with the twofirst categories were generally negative, with the exception of oneuntreated AIDS patient.

The conditions of preparation and storage of the plasma sample wasdetermined for optimizing the capture of EMS. The plasma had to be keptunfrozen, preferentially stored at +4° C. Freezing and storing at −20°C. or −80° C. destroyed their capacity to produce EMS, unless DNA wasextracted, the primary source of the signals.

Serum taken from the clotted blood was also negative, whether kept at+4° C. or frozen. Heating the diluted 10⁻² plasma at 65° C. for one houralso inactivated or reduced significantly the EMS.

Example 2 The Decay with Time of EMS Production in Plasma Stored at +4°C.

The capacity to emit EMS in plasma can last for several days, sometimesfor several weeks of storage, indicating a relative stability of thenanostructures that emit EMS in the plasma proteinic environment. Invitro studies indicated that filtration of the plasma (usually at the1/100 dilution in PBS or saline) through 20 nM filters was aprerequisite for detecting the signals in further dilutions of water. Insome rare cases, weaker signals can be detected at lower dilutions afterfiltration through 100 nM porosity filters. Positive signals wereusually found in the range of the 10⁻³ to 10⁻⁹ dilutions.

Example 3 Evidence that Positive Signals Come from DNA

Experiments were conducted to determine if nucleic acids carrying thegenetic information for HIV, either residual viral RNA or proviral DNA,could be the sources of signals in the plasma of infected patients.Three groups of patients: infected and not treated in the asymptomaticstage; infected and not treated in the symptomatic stages; and infectedand treated with ART with no detectable viral load.

Plasma was diluted 1/100 in PBS and the nucleic acids were extracted bythe phenol-chloroform method. The solution was precipitated with ethanoland the precipitates were solubilized in water. The solution wasfiltered through a 20 nM filter at a concentration ranging from 1 ng/mlto 4 ng/ml.

EMS emissions were detected only in the group of patients treated byantiretroviral therapy and having an undetectable virus load. Thesignals were produced in the same range of aqueous dilutions than freshplasma. Filtration of the original solution (1/100 dilution) and vortexagitation of each of the further aqueous dilutions was necessary inorder to capture the EMS emission.

Treatment by RNase (10 g/ml, 1 hour at 37° C.) of the original solutionhad no effect. This suggested that DNA, rather than viral RNA, wasinvolved in EMS production. Confirmation was obtained by DNaseinactivation. However this only occurred if the sample, which previouslyhad EMS, was frozen and thawed before the DNase treatment. If the samplewas not frozen, then the sample would continue to have EMS after DNasetreatment. It is believed that nanostructures previously induced by theDNA in the water remain after DNase treatment, if they have not beeneliminated by freezing or other treatments that are known to eliminateEMS emitting from samples. However DNA molecules are not affected byfreezing and the DNA can re-induce the water nanostructures after thespecimen is thawed. The experimental protocol and results are shown inthe following table.

TABLE 1 DNA Solution, filtered 450 nM, then 20 nM, 2 ng/ml Control+RNase (10 μg/m1) +DNase (10 U/μg) untreated 10 mM Tris-HCl, 10 mMTris-HCl, 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4 pH 7.4, pH 7.4 37° C./2 hours 37° C./2hours

↓

Freezing −20° C./2 hours

↓

EMS positive positive negative Range D5-D9 D5-D9 of dilutions

Plasma, plasma DNA and erythrocyte DNA were obtained from patients orindividuals in different conditions: 1) naive (untreated) positivepatients at the asymptomatic stage; 2) naive patients with full blownAIDS and high virus load; 3) AIDS patients treated by antiretroviraltherapy (usually 2 nucleosidic reverse transcriptase inhibitors and 1non nucleosidic reverse transcriptase inhibitor or 1 protease inhibitor)and having undetectable virus load (viral RNA copy number inferior to 40/ml of blood) and 4) uninfected controls. At least 10 patients of eachgroup were tested.

The third group was the only one that showed positive electromagneticsignals, both in fresh plasma or in DNA extracted from frozen plasma.The DNA extracted from the erythrocyte pellet (probably containing somenucleated cells such as granulocytes) was also positive.

If the treated patient still had a high viral load upon treatment, onlythe plasma DNA was positive. This was also the case of pregnant womentreated by viral inhibitors in the last trimester of their pregnancy.

No untreated patient was positive in any of the three fractions: plasmaDNA, red cell pellet DNA, and leukocyte layer DNA.

The DNA was identified as representative of HIV DNA by the following:

using an infectious HIV DNA clone, derived from a prototype laboratorystrain, and

(HIV 1 Lai) containing all HIV genes, electromagnetic signals weredetected from water solution in the same range of dilutions.

Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) primers were used for thedifferent gene sequences of HIV DNA (LTR, Pol, Env, Nef) these sequenceswere amplified from the DNA of patients positive for the electromagneticsignals. After a second round of amplification (nested PCR), thesesolutions induced the signals at similar dilutions as the whole DNA.

It also was noted that some specific sequences (LTR and to a lowerextent Net) were detected by RT-PCR (using reverse transcriptase asfirst polymerase), which resulted in a higher sensitivity.

Additionally, the obtained DNA bands were of higher intensity andincreased sensitivity (10×-100×) when the DNA dilution to be used foramplification was thoroughly vortexed in the same manner as used forpreparations used to detect the electro-magnetic signals (EMS).

RNase treatment of the DNA before RT-PCR (10 g/ml, 2 hours, 37° C.) didnot affect the results. This observation indicated that the reversetranscriptase was not using RNA, but a DNA template or another templateas yet unidentified.

The detection of HIV DNA only in patients treated with antiretroviraltherapy and having undetectable viral RNA in their blood indicated thatthe antiretroviral therapy had modified the mode of virus replication.It is believed that renewed virus replication, after the cessation of anantiretroviral therapy, begins from integrated or unintegrated proviralDNA.

Therefore, this DNA is an important biomarker of the HIV reservoir whichpersists after antiretroviral therapy, which opens the way for new typesof treatment aimed at eradicating the infection.

Example 4 Location of the Active DNA in Blood Fractions

The heparinized blood of several HIV+ ART-treated patients was run on aFicoll gradient. DNA was extracted from the three main fractions: plasma(with platelets), white cells layer and the erythrocyte pellet. Each DNAextract was tested for EMS emission.

In all the patients with undetectable virus load, only the DNA from theplasma and the erythrocyte fractions gave strongly positive signals. Thewhite cell layer-derived DNA gave no signal or weak signals. InART-treated patients with remaining high virus load, only theplasma-derived DNA was positive.

Fractionation on Ficoll Gradient

Peripheral whole blood from patients was collected in vacutainer tubescontaining lithium heparin. 3 ml of whole blood were diluted with 10 mlphosphate buffered saline (PBS) buffer and layered over 3 ml ofFicoll-paque (1.077 g/ml density; Amersham Biosciences) in 15 mlLeucosep® tubes and centrifuged at 1000×g for 10 min at 4° C. Plasma wasremoved; the red blood cell (RBC) pellet and the white blood cells (WBC)were washed 2 times with 10 ml of PBS and centrifuged at 250×g.

DNA Extraction

Plasma DNA, WBC DNA and RBC DNA were extracted by Proteinase K in thepresence of SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and further deproteinized byphenol-chloroform mixture. The pellet obtained by ethanol precipitationwas resuspended in Tris 10⁻² M, pH 7.6 and an aliquot was diluted 1/100in water. The dilution (10⁻²) was filtered first through a 450 nM filterand the resulting filtrate was then filtered again on a 20 nM filterAnotop (Whatman). The filtrate was further diluted in serial decimal(i.e., 1:9) dilutions in water.

Detection of EMS

The filtrates from plasma were analyzed just after filtration forproduction of electromagnetic waves of low frequency. A device was usedthat been previously designed by Benveniste and Coll (1996; 2003)(incorporated by reference) for the detection of signals produced byisolated molecules endowed with biological activity. Briefly, 100 nM or20 nM filtrates are serially diluted 1 in 10 (0.1+0.9 in sterile water(medical grade). The first 2 dilutions (1/10 and 1/100) were done inserum-free RPMI medium, in order to avoid eventual protein precipitationin deionized water. Each dilution was done in 1.5 mL Eppendorf plastictubes, which are then tightly stoppered and strongly agitated on aVortex apparatus for at least 2 seconds, up to 15 seconds or more. Thisstep has been found important for the generation of signals. After alldilutions have been made (generally 15-20, 1:10 dilutions), thestoppered tubes were read one by one.

EMS Measurement

To capture and analyze the EMS, a coil, bobbin of copper wire, was usedand connected to a Sound Blaster Card itself connected to a laptopcomputer, preferentially powered by its 12 volt battery. Each emissionwas recorded twice for 6 seconds, amplified 500 times and processed withdifferent softwares for visualization of the signals on the computer'sscreen. The main harmonics of the complex signals were analyzed byutilizing several softwares of Fourier transformation.

In each experiment, the internal noise generated by the different piecesof the reading system was first recorded (coil alone, coil with a tubefilled with water). Fourier analysis shows that the noise waspredominantly composed of very low frequencies, probably generated atleast in part by the 50/60 Hz ambient electric current. The use of the12 V battery for the computer power supply did reduce, but not abolishthis noise, which was found to be necessary for the induction of theresonance signals from the specific nanostructures. When dilutions ofthe HIV virus filtrate were recorded for wave emission, the firstobvious phenomenon observed was an increase of the overall amplitude ofthe signals at certain dilutions over the background noise and also anincrease in frequencies. This change was abolished if the tube to beanalyzed was placed inside a box sheltered with sheets of copper andmumetal. Fourier analysis of the HIV virus signals showed a shifttowards higher frequencies close to 1000 Hz and multiples of it.Profiles were identical for all the dilutions showing an increase inamplitude. The first low dilutions were usually negative, showing thebackground noise only. Positive signals were usually obtained atdilutions ranging from 10⁻⁵ to 10⁻⁸ or 10⁻¹². Higher dilutions wereagain negative. The positive dilutions varied according to the type offiltration, the 20 nM filtrate being generally positive at dilutionshigher than those of the 100 nM filtrate. The original unfilteredsuspension was negative at all dilutions, a phenomenon observed for allpreparations analyzed.

Nature of the HIV Sequences at the Origin of EMS

It was determined from previous experiments that a single gene or even afragment of a gene was sufficient to produce the EMS. Therefore aninfectious DNA clone of HIV was used to test for EMS. The infectious DNAclone of HIV had been previously constructed from HIV LAI to determinewhich part of the viral genome was at the origin of EMS. To this end,some specific primers were designed for sorting out the main sequencescorresponding to the different structural and regulatory genes of HIV,including LTR, Pol, Gag, Env, Nef, and Vif.

The amplicons and secondary amplicons resulting from nested-PCR wereanalyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and yielded the expectedfragment sizes. The DNA bands were extracted and purified, and assayedfor EMS production at different dilutions. As a control, the entire HIVDNA genome isolated from a plasma was also tested and found positive forEMS. Several sequences (LTR, Nef and Env) were found to be a source ofEMS.

The same primers were used to detect specific sequences in the DNAextracted from the plasma or the red blood cell pellet of the positivepatients. The amplified LTR DNA fragment, visualized as a band of 104 bpby nested PCR, was constantly found in all preparations, followedinfrequently by Nef and Env amplified fragments. Sequencing of the LTRband confirmed its HIV origin with 99% identity with the prototype HIVDNA (2 nucleotide differences out of 104). Interestingly, a highersensitivity of detection was obtained by the use of reversetranscriptase (RT) before the use of the Taq polymerase in the PCRreaction.

However this reaction was not affected by prior RNAse treatment,indicating that a DNA template, not RNA, was also used by the RT enzyme.

In addition when aqueous dilutions were tested, a 10 to 100 timeincrease (1 to 2 decimal dilutions) of sensitivity was obtained, wheneach dilution was strongly agitated by vortex, as done for the detectionof EMS.

Example 5 Increased Sensitivity of PCR

A method was developed that increases the sensitivity of PCR by 10 to100 times over the current PCR technique, A sample containing DNA isfiltered, and then serially diluted by 1/10 [1 part sample to 9 partsdiluent] at each step in the dilution cycle which includes vigorousvortexing of the current dilution before proceeding to the next dilutionin the series.

Another aspect of the method, which can be combined with the vigorousvortexing of the sample, is to treat the sample with an RNase. Thesample is first filtered and then treated with an RNase. After the RNasetreatment, the sample is processed as described above with serialdilutions (1 part sample to 9 parts diluent) with vigorous vortexingbetween each serial dilution.

Vigorous vortexing is defined as more than mere the quick vortexing donewith samples in a laboratory. The vortexing should be sustained forseveral seconds to ten's of seconds. Samples in the experiments wereroutinely vortexed for 15 seconds or more, and this vortexing wasrepeated after each dilution. The vigorous vortexing of the dilutedsample is important in obtaining the increased sensitivity. The vigorousvortexing of the sample is believed to cause the DNA to inducenanostructures. The samples can be analyzed with PCR, nested-PCR,RT-PCR, or nested-RT-PCR.

PCR Primers

PCR primer sequences were retrieved from the online Primer Bank database, These primers were synthesized at the Molecular Biology CoreFacility, Massachusetts General Hospital. Both UV absorbance andcapillary electrophoresis were used to assess the quality of primersynthesis.

One-step reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR experiments were performed withthe Mastercycler® ep (Eppendorf). A 50 μl RT reaction included 25 μl of2xRT-PCR buffer, 16.6 μl of nuclease-free-water, 0.4 μl of 25 mM of eachdeoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTPs), 1 μl of 50 μM of each appropriateprimer (Invitrogen), 1-4 ng/ml of total DNA and 1 μl of iScript RT(BioRad). The RT-PCR mixtures were pre-heated at 42° C. for 30 minutes(RT step) followed by 1 cycle (inactivation and denaturation step) at95° C. for 3 minutes, followed by 42 PCR cycles of amplification (95° C.for 30 seconds; 56° C. for 30 seconds; 78° C. for 2 minutes). A finalextension step was performed at 78° C. for 10 minutes.

The PCR mixture (50 μl) contained 29.4 μl of nuclease-water-free, 5 μlof 10× Taq PCR buffer, 8 μl of 25 mM MgCl₂, 0.4 μl of 25 mM dNTPs, 1 μlof 50 μM of each appropriate primer, 5 μl of RT-PCR product and 1 μl of5 U/μl Taq DNA polymerase (Invitrogen).

The PCR was performed with the Mastercycler® ep (Eppendorf). The PCRmixtures were pre-heated at 95° C. for 3 minutes (inactivation anddenaturation step), followed by 42 PCR cycles of amplification (95° C.for 30 seconds; 56° C. for 30 seconds; 78° C. for 2 minutes). A finalextension step was performed at 78° C. for 10 minutes.

Specific internal primers were used for the second round ofamplification [nested-PCR].

The amplification products were separated on a 1.2% Agarose gelelectrophoresis/EtBr gel and visualized using a Molecular Imager® GelDoc™ XR System (BioRad).

Infected CEM Cells

In vitro experiments were set up in which CEM cells were infected with aprototype HIV-1 strain, HIV LAI. Prior to the experiments, cells andinfecting virus were first checked for mycoplasma contamination by usinga highly sensitive PCR technology based on 16 s ribosomal RNA. Traces ofMycoplasma arginini were found only in control CEM cells, but noelectromagnetic signals (EMS) could be detected in the culturesupernatant of such cells.

By contrast, EMS was detected in dilutions of the culture supernatant ofthe HIV-infected cells, when the cytopathic effect was obvious.Filtration through 20 nM filters was found to be necessary to detect theEMS, indicating that the source of the EMS was smaller than this sizeand therefore smaller than the intact virus particles whose diameterrange between 100 to 120 nM.

The density of such particles was evaluated by centrifuging toequilibrium an aliquot of the infected CEM supernatant on a sucrosedensity gradient with conditions where HIV virions form a sharp band atthe density of 1.16.

By contrast, the nanoparticles producing the EMS were associated withfractions ranging in densities from 1.15 to 1.25. A longer time ofcentrifugation used to improve the density equilibrium did not modifythis profile.

Analysis of Dilutions Versus EMS Emission

The lower dilutions, which logically should contain a larger number ofsignal-producing structures, were “silent”. When 0.1 mL of a negativelow dilution (e.g. 10⁻³) was added to 0.4 mL or 0.9 mL of a positivedilution (10⁻⁸), the latter became negative. This indicated that the“silent” low dilutions were self-inhibitory, probably by interference ofthe multiple sources emitting in the same wave length or slightly out ofphase, like a radio jamming. Alternatively, the abundance ofnanostructures can form a gel in water and therefore are prevented tovibrate.

Influence of Order of Reading Samples to Emitting EMS

The results were independent of the order in which the samples wereread, whether in descending dilutions from to the lowest to the highestor in ascending dilutions from the highest to the lowest. Dilutedsamples placed in a random order (labels unknown to the person readingthe samples) indicated the same range of positive dilutions wasdetected, if each tube was well separated from the other, to avoid their“cross talk”. The results also were independent of the location of thereading site. Even though the background noise was variable, accordingto the location and time of recording (generally higher in large citiesthan in isolated areas), positive signals were always clearlydifferentiated over the background by higher frequency peaks.

Nature of the Aqueous Nanostructures:

Treatments by RNAse A (Promega, 1 μg/ml, 37° C., 1 hour), DNase I(Invitrogen, 10 U/μg DNA, 37° C., 18 hours), Lysozyme (Fisher, 1 mg/mL,37° C., 10 minutes), Proteinase K (Promega, 0.12 mg/mL, in 1% sodiumdodecyl sulphate, 56° C., 1 hour) did not suppress the EMS producingactivity of the “loud” dilutions nor did activate the “silent”dilutions. However, heating at 70° C. for 30 minutes suppressedirreversibly the activity, as well as did freezing for 1 hour at −20° C.or −60° C. DMSO (10%), and formamide (10%) had no effect. Treatment withlithium cations, known to affect the hydrogen bonding of watermolecules, was able to reduce the intensity of the signals, while therange of the positive dilutions remained unchanged.

Nature of the Origin of the Nanostructures:

In preliminary experiments, it had been observed that a pretreatment ofa suspension of bacteria did not alter its capacity to induce theelectromagnetic signals, even though it killed the virus. This treatmentdegraded the viral RNA without attacking double-helical DNA. Thissuggested that the source of the signals may be the DNA itself.Likewise, DNA extracted from HIV infected samples by the classicalphenol: chloroform technique was able upon filtration and appropriatedilutions in water to emit EMS similar to those produced by HIV virusunder the same conditions. DNAse treatment of the extracted DNA solutionabolishes its capacity to emit signals, at the condition that thenanostructures previously induced by the DNA are destroyed.

Sample Analysis

A sample was treated by Proteinase K in the presence of SDS (sodiumdodecyl sulfate) and further deproteinized by phenol-chloroform mixture.The pellet obtained by ethanol precipitation was resuspended in Tris10⁻² M, pH 7.6 and an aliquot was diluted 1/100 in water. The dilution(10⁻²) was filtered first through a 450 nM filter and the resultingfiltrate was then filtered again on a 20 nM filter. The filtrate wasfurther diluted in serial 1:10 dilutions in water as previouslydescribed. As for the intact microorganisms, the filtration step wasfound to be essential for detection of the EMS in the DNA dilutions. Inits absence, no signals could be detected at any dilutions. In contrastto the HIV viral suspension, where the filtration was supposed to retainDNA, the filtration at 20 nM did not retain the DNA, which was stillpresent in the filtrate, as measured by optical density. In the case ofDNA, the role of the 20 nM filtration is probably to dissociate thenetwork of nanostructures organized in a gel-like liquid crystal at highconcentrations in water, allowing their dispersion in further dilutions.The dilutions positive for EMS were in the same range that thoseobserved for the viral suspensions, generally between 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻¹³.

DNA Content of Dilutions

At the high dilution of 10⁻⁹, calculations indicated that there is noDNA molecule of MW larger than 10⁵ in the solution, making it unlikelythat the EMS were produced directly by the DNA itself, but rather by theself-sustained nanostructures induced by the DNA. Further demonstrationthat the EMS produced came from DNA was shown by their disappearanceafter DNAse treatment. This inactivation was however only complete whenthe nanostructures induced in the DNA solution which were themselvesresistant to DNAse were previously fully destroyed. This destruction wasobtained either by freezing the DNA solution at −20° C. for 1 hour orheating it at 90° C. for 30 minutes. After slow cooling to allow theheated DNA to reanneal, DNAse 1 at a final concentration of 10 U/μg ofDNA was added and the mixture was incubated at 37° C. for 18 hours inthe presence of 5 mM of MgCl₂. An aliquot of the untreated DNA solutionwas kept as a positive control. The DNAse-treated preparation was foundcompletely devoid of EMS emission at any dilution. Treatment of the DNAsolution by a restriction enzyme acting at many sites did not suppressthe production of EMS, suggesting that this emission was linked torather short sequences or was associated with rare sequences.

Nature of the DNA Sequences at the Origin of the EMS:

It is believed that the DNA able to generate EMS suggests that this DNAis associated with pathogenicity in humans and other animals. Bycontrast, good viruses are probably negative for EMS emission. Thissuggested that only some sequences of DNA were at the origin of the EMS,since pathogenicity was often associated with the capacity of themicroorganism to bind eukaryotic cells, particularly mucosal cells. Thedisclosed methods and compositions can be used either manually by atechnician in a laboratory or can be combined into an automatic analyzerof blood, body fluids, tissue and cells from people and, animals ingeneral, to detect a reservoir virus infection in subjects not showing aviral load. Automatic analysis of samples from people by a laboratorymachine is contemplated by this disclosure. Additionally, it iscontemplated that a scanner could be used to detect a viral infection bya non-invasive technique (e.g., placing a palm or finger on a scannerplate) to detect the EMS emitted by an EMS generating entity associatedwith that disease. Although, the HIV virus has been used to demonstratethe production of EMS from pathogenic viruses, other pathogenic viruses(e.g., influences and HPV) can be used with the disclosed methods,compositions and apparatuses. Other embodiments of the inventioninclude:

A method for detecting electromagnetic waves derived from apolynucleotide, such as viral DNA, comprising: extracting and purifyingnucleic acids from a sample; diluting the extracted purified nucleicacids in an aqueous solvent; measuring a low frequency electromagneticemission over time from the diluted extracted purified nucleic acids inan aqueous solvent; performing a signal analysis of the low frequencyelectromagnetic emission over time; and producing an output, based onthe signal analysis, in dependence on the DNA in the sample.Advantageously, this method involves one in which the output varies independence on DNA in the sample derived from a pathogenic virus inplasma of a patient suffering from a chronic disease. The viral DNA maybe extracted from a biological or physiological sample including tissue,cells, blood, feces, urine, saliva, tears, seminal fluid, sweat, vaginalfluids of a subject, particularly of a subject having or suspected ofhaving a viral infection. The sample may also be extracted from a sourceexternal to the subject such as from food or potable water or from anenvironmental sample. In some embodiments, a DNA sample will beextracted from a sample that has been previously stored, lyophilized, orfrozen and stored at a temperature between about −20° C. and −70° C.

The polynucleotide, preferably DNA, may be extracted and purified bydiluting the sample with an aqueous buffer and mixing; degrading proteinin the diluted sample; precipitating DNA from the buffer solution; andresuspending the precipitated DNA in an aqueous solution. This methodmay further comprise filtering the resuspended DNA through at least onesubmicron filter, wherein the sample measured comprises the filtrate.The sample may be made by diluting the filtrate in an aqueous solutionprior to measuring, for example, dilution of a resuspended DNA to aconcentration of 10⁻² to 10⁻²⁰ of its concentration prior tomeasurement.

The measuring in such a method may comprise placing the dilutedextracted purified nucleic acids near an antenna adapted to receiveelectromagnetic signals having a frequency approaching about 0 Hz, 1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 kHz and upto and including 20 kHz, and receiving the electromagnetic signals fromthe antenna.

The method as described above may employ signal analysis which comprisesperforming a time domain to frequency domain transformation on thesignal and which may further comprise comparing frequency domaintransformed signals from two different samples. Signal analysis may alsobe performed by applying a threshold function to the frequency domaintransformed signal. Such signal analysis can be implemented on a generalpurpose computer and said output is presented through a graphic userinterface. Signal analysis may comprise, be determined as, or bedisplayed as three-dimensional histogram. Background noise reduction maybe performed as a part of the signal analysis.

The signal analysis preferably comprises analysis of signal componentshaving frequencies between about 1-20,000 Hz and/or employs a dilutingstep which dilutes the polynucleotide, such as DNA, to about 10⁻⁷ to10⁻¹³ of its original concentration.

Another embodiment of the invention is a composition comprising afiltered, vortexed, diluted sample of a polynucleotide, such as DNA,preferably DNA from a pathogenic virus such as a HIV, wherein thefiltered, vortexed, diluted sample of DNA has a detectableelectromagnetic signal.

The invention also involves a method of detecting an animal having aninfection by a pathogen or pathogenic particle comprising placing a bodypart of an animals on an EMS detecting device, measuring the EMS fromthe body part, analyzing the EMS, and determining if the EMS correspondsto an EMS produced by a pathogenic particle.

Alternatively, a pathogenic infection in an animal may be detected by aprocess comprising a) obtaining a body fluid from an animal, b)filtering the body fluid to obtain a filtered body fluid, c) vortexingthe filtered body fluid, d) diluting the filtered body fluid in step b)by a factor of at least 1:9, preferably diluting the sample at adilution of 1:9, e) measuring an EMS from the diluted body fluid in stepd), f) analyzing the EMS, and g) determining if the EMS corresponds toan EMS produced by a pathogenic particle. In such a method steps c) andd) are repeated at least one time, twice or more than two times.

The invention in another aspect involves a method of detecting an animalwith a pathogenic infection comprising the steps of: a) obtaining a bodyfluid from an animal, b) filtering the body fluid to obtain a filteredbody fluid, c) serial diluting of the filtered body fluid untilobtaining a dilution to test for EMS; wherein, the serial dilutingcomprises multiple cycles of: vortexing the filtered body fluid anddiluting the filtered body fluid by a factor of at least 1:9, preferablydiluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9; d) measuring an EMS from thediluted body fluid in step d), e) analyzing the EMS, f) determining ifthe EMS corresponds to an EMS produced by a pathogenic particle.

A method of detecting an animal with a pathogenic infection comprisingthe steps of: a) obtaining a sample of tissue from an animal, b)extracting DNA from the sample of tissue from the animal, c) making asolution containing the DNA from the sample of tissue from the animal,d) filtering the solution in step c), e) vortexing the solution in stepd), f) diluting the solution in step e) by a factor of at least 1:9,preferably diluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9, g) measuring an EMSfrom the solution in step f), h) analyzing the EMS, and i) determiningif the EMS corresponds to an EMS produced by a pathogenic particle. Thismethod may comprise repeating steps e) and f) at least one time or morethan twice.

A method of detecting an animal with a pathogenic infection comprisingthe steps of: a) obtaining a sample of tissue from an animal, b)extracting DNA from the sample of tissue from the animal, c) making asolution containing the DNA from the sample of tissue from the animal,d) filtering the solution in step c), e) serial diluting of the solutionin step c) wherein, the serial diluting comprises multiple cycles of:vortexing the filtered body fluid and diluting the filtered body fluidby a factor of at least 1:9, preferably diluting the sample at adilution of 1:9; g) measuring an EMS from the solution in step f), h)analyzing the EMS, and i) determining if the EMS corresponds to an EMSproduced by a pathogenic particle.

A method of detecting an animal with a pathogenic infection comprisingthe steps of: a) obtaining a sample of cells from an animal, b)extracting DNA from the sample of cells from the animal, c) making asolution containing the DNA from the sample of cells from the animal, d)filtering the solution in step c), e) vortexing the solution in step d),f) diluting the solution in step e) by a factor of at least 1:9,preferably diluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9, g) measuring an EMSfrom the solution in step f), h) analyzing the EMS, i) determining ifthe EMS corresponds to an EMS produced by a pathogenic particle. Thismethod may comprise repeating steps e) and f) at least one time, twiceor more than twice.

A method of detecting an animal with a pathogenic infection comprisingthe steps of: a) obtaining a sample of cells from an animal, b)extracting DNA from the sample of cells from the animal, c) making asolution containing the DNA from the sample of cells from the animal, d)filtering the solution in step c), e) serial diluting of the solution instep d) wherein, the serial diluting comprises multiple cycles of:vortexing the filtered body fluid and diluting the filtered body fluidby a factor of at least 1:9, preferably diluting the sample at adilution of 1:9; f) measuring an EMS from the solution in step f), g)analyzing the EMS, and h) determining if the EMS corresponds to an EMSproduced by a pathogenic particle.

A method of increasing the sensitivity of PCR comprising the steps of:a) obtaining a sample to be analyzed by PCR, b) filtering the sample, c)vortexing the sample, d) diluting the sample by a factor of at least1:9, preferably diluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9, e) analyzingdiluted sample with PCR. This method may involve repeating steps c) andd) at least one time or more than twice.

A method of increasing the sensitivity of PCR comprising the steps of:a) obtaining a sample to be analyzed by PCR, b) filtering the sample, c)serial diluting of the sample until obtaining a dilution to test forEMS; wherein, the serial diluting comprises multiple cycles of:vortexing the filtered body fluid and diluting the filtered body fluidat a dilution of at least 1:9, preferably diluting the sample at adilution of 1:9; d) diluting the sample at a dilution of at least 1:9,preferably diluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9, and e) analyzingdiluted sample with PCR.

A method to increase the sensitivity of PCR to detect HIV comprising:obtaining a sample from an animal, filtering the sample, treatingfiltered sample with an RNase, vortexing the sample, diluting the sampleby a factor of at least 1:9, preferably diluting the sample at adilution of 1:9, and analyzing diluted sample with PCR, nested-PCR,RT-PCR, or nested-RT-PCR; or combinations thereof. The steps ofvortexing and diluting may be performed once, twice or repeated morethan twice.

A method to increase the sensitivity of PCR to detect HIV comprising:obtaining a sample from an animal, filtering the sample, treating thefiltered sample with an RNAse; serial diluting of the filtered samplebody fluid until obtaining a dilution to test for EMS; wherein, theserial diluting comprises multiple cycles of: vortexing the filteredbody fluid and diluting the filtered body fluid by a factor of at least1:9, preferably diluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9; vortexing thesample, diluting the sample by a factor of at least 1:9, preferablydiluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9, and analyzing diluted samplewith PCR, nested-PCR, RT-PCR, or nested-RT-PCR; or combinations thereof.

A method to detect reservoir HIV virus comprising: obtaining a sample ofbody fluid from an animal, filtering the sample, vortexing the sample,diluting the sample at a dilution of at least 1:9, preferably dilutingthe sample at a dilution of 1:9, measuring an EMS from the dilutedsample, analyzing the EMS, and determining if the EMS corresponds to HIVvirus. The steps of vortexing and diluting may be performed once, twiceor repeated more than twice.

A method to detect reservoir HIV virus comprising: obtaining a sample ofbody fluid from an animal, filtering the sample, serial diluting of thesample until obtaining a dilution to test for EMS; wherein, the serialdiluting comprises multiple cycles of: vortexing the filtered body fluidand diluting the filtered body fluid by a factor of at least 1:9,preferably diluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9; measuring an EMSfrom the diluted sample, analyzing the EMS, and determining if the EMScorresponds to HIV virus.

A method to detect reservoir HIV virus comprising: obtaining a sample ofbody fluid from an animal, filtering the sample, treating filteredsample with an RNase, vortexing the sample, diluting the sample by afactor of at least 1:9, preferably diluting the sample at a dilution of1:9, and analyzing diluted sample with RT-PCR. The steps of vortexingand diluting may be performed once, twice or repeated more than twice.

A method to detect reservoir HIV virus comprising: obtaining a sample ofbody fluid from an animal, filtering the sample, treating filteredsample with an RNAse, serial diluting of the filtered sample with theRNase body until obtaining a dilution to test for EMS; wherein, theserial diluting comprises multiple cycles of: vortexing the filteredbody fluid and diluting the filtered body fluid by a factor of at least1:9, preferably diluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9; analyzingdiluted sample with RT-PCR.

A method to detect reservoir HIV virus comprising: obtaining a sample ofbody fluid from an animal, filtering the sample, treating filteredsample vortexing the sample, diluting the sample by a factor of at least1:9, preferably diluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9, and analyzingdiluted sample using HIV primers with nested PCR. In this method thesteps of vortexing and diluting can be performed once, twice or arerepeated more than twice.

A method to detect reservoir HIV virus comprising: obtaining a sample ofbody fluid from an animal, filtering the sample, treating filteredsample, serial diluting of the filtered sample until obtaining adilution to test for EMS; wherein, the serial diluting comprisesmultiple cycles of: vortexing the filtered body fluid and diluting thefiltered body fluid at a dilution of at least 1:9, preferably dilutingthe sample at a dilution of 1:9; analyzing diluted sample using HIVprimers with nested PCR.

An apparatus to analyze a sample for a pathogenic infection comprising:a sample loading device; a sample filtering device; a sample dilutingdevice; a sample vortexing device; a sample measuring device for EMS; anEMS analyzer; and a data display device.

An apparatus to analyze an animal for a pathogenic infection comprising:a surface for placing a body part; a measuring device for EMS; an EMSanalyzer; and a data display device.

An apparatus to analyze cells for a pathogenic infection comprising: asample loading device; a sample DNA extraction device; a samplefiltering device; a sample diluting device; a sample vortexing device; asample measuring device for EMS; an EMS analyzer; and a data displaydevice.

In another aspect, the invention encompasses an apparatus to analyze atissue for a pathogenic infection comprising: a sample loading device; asample DNA extraction device; a sample filtering device; a samplediluting device; a sample vortexing device; a sample measuring devicefor EMS; an EMS analyzer; and a data display device.

Another facet of the invention is a method to determine efficiency of atreatment for a pathogenic infection in a person comprising: measuringan EMS in a person corresponding to an EMS from a pathogenic particle;treating the person with a treatment for which an efficiency is beingdetermined; measuring an EMS in the person treated with the treatment;and determining the relationship between the EMS before treatment andthe EMS after treatment.

Yet another aspect of the invention is a method to determine a cure ofan HIV infection in a person comprising: measuring an EMS in a personcorresponding to an EMS from a HIV virus; treating the person with atreatment for which a cure is expected; and not detecting an EMS in theperson corresponding to the EMS from the HIV virus.

The invention also relates to a method to treat HIV comprising:measuring an EMS in a person corresponding to an EMS-generating particlefrom a HIV virus; treating the person with a treatment to eliminate theEMS-generating particle from the HIV virus.

A method to decrease an EMS from an EMS emitting sample comprising:placing an EMS emitting sample next to a non-EMS emitting sample, andwaiting an effective amount of time to decrease the EMS in the EMSemitting sample.

A method to induce an EMS in a sample not emitting an EMS comprising:placing an EMS emitting sample next to a vial containing a fluid, andwaiting an effective amount of time to induce an EMS in the vialcontaining the fluid.

A method of detecting viral DNA in a patient with undetectable viral RNAcomprising: obtaining a sample of body fluid from a patient, filteringthe sample, treating filtered sample with an RNase, vortexing thesample, diluting the sample by a factor of at least 1:9, preferablydiluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9, and analyzing diluted samplewith RT-PCR. This method may employ the steps of vortexing and dilutingbeing performed once, twice, or more than twice.

A method of detecting viral DNA in a patient with undetectable viral RNAcomprising: obtaining a sample of body fluid from a patient, filteringthe sample, treating filtered sample with an RNase, serial diluting ofthe filtered sample with the RNase until obtaining a dilution to testfor EMS; wherein, the serial diluting comprises multiple cycles of:vortexing the filtered body fluid and diluting the filtered body fluidat a dilution of a least 1:9, preferably diluting the sample at adilution of 1:9; and analyzing diluted sample with RT-PCR.

A method to assess the eradication of a viral infection by reduction ofviral DNA comprising: measuring an EMS in a person corresponding to anEMS from a viral DNA; treating the person with a treatment for which anefficiency is being determined; measuring an EMS in the person treatedwith the treatment; and determining the relationship between the EMSbefore treatment and the EMS after treatment. This method may be appliedto subjects having viral infections caused by a HIV, Influenza virus, orother viruses, especially persistent viruses.

A method to confirm or detect an EMS generated by a HIV viruscomprising: obtaining a sample from a patient, filtering the sample,treating filtered sample with an RNase, vortexing the sample, dilutingthe sample by a factor of at least 1:9, preferably diluting the sampleat a dilution of 1:9, and amplifying the diluted sample with RT-PCRusing a PCR primer for a HIV gene sequence. This method may be performedusing a PCR primer for LTR, Gag, Env, Tat, Rev, Nef, Vif, Vpr, Vpu, Pol,and/or for double LTR.

The invention also is directed to a method to confirm or detect an EMSgenerated by a HIV virus comprising: obtaining a sample from a patient,filtering the sample, treating filtered sample with an RNase, serialdiluting of the filtered sample with the RNase until obtaining adilution to test for EMS; wherein, the serial diluting comprisesmultiple cycles of: vortexing the filtered body fluid and diluting thefiltered body fluid by a factor or at least 1:9, preferably diluting thesample at a dilution of 1:9; and amplifying the diluted sample withRT-PCR using a PCR primer for a HIV gene sequence. This method alsoincludes one in which the PCR primer is for LTR, Gag, Env, Tat, Rev,Nef, Vif, Vpr, Vpu, Pol and/or is for double LTR.

Additional Embodiments of the Disclosed Method Time Period of Vortexing

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexingis at least 1 second. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 2 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is at least 3 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing isat least 4 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 5 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is at least 6 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing isat least 7 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 8 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is at least 9 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing isat least 10 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 11 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is at least 12 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing isat least 13 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 14 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is at least 15 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing isat least 16 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 17 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is at least 18 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing isat least 19 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 20 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is at least 25 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing isat least 30 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 35 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is at least 40 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing isat least 45 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is at east 50 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is at least 55 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing isat least 60 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 90 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is at least 120 seconds.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexingis at least 150 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is at least 180 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the time period of vortexing is at least 5 minutes.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexingis at least 10 minutes.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexingis more than 1 second. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is more than 2 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the time period of vortexing is more than 3seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is more than 4 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the time period of vortexing is more than 5 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is morethan 6 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is more than 7 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is more than 8 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing ismore than 9 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is more than 10 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is more than 11 seconds.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexingis more than 12 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is more than 13 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the time period of vortexing is more than 14seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is more than 15 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the time period of vortexing is more than 16 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is morethan 17 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is more than 18 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is more than 19 seconds.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexingis more than 20 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is more than 25 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the time period of vortexing is more than 30seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is more than 35 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the time period of vortexing is more than 40 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is morethan 45 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is more than 50 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is more than 55 seconds.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexingis more than 60 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is more than 90 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the time period of vortexing is more than 120seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is more than 150 seconds, In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the time period of vortexing is more than 180 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is morethan 5 minutes. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the timeperiod of vortexing is more than 10 minutes.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexingis approximately 1 second. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is approximately 2 seconds. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 3seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 4 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the time period of vortexing is approximately 5 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing isapproximately 6 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is approximately 7 seconds. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 8seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 9 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the time period of vortexing is approximately 10 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing isapproximately 11 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is approximately 12 seconds. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 13seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 14 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 15seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 16 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 17seconds, In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 18 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 19seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 20 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 25seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 30 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 35seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 40 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 45seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 50 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 55seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 60 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 90seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 120 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 150seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 180 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is approximately 5minutes. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is approximately 10 minutes.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexingis 1 second. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time periodof vortexing is 2 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is 3 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is 4 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is 5seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is 6 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is 7 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is 8 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is 9seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is 10 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is 11 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is 12 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is 13seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is 14 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is 15 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is 16 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is 17seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is 18 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is 19 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is 20 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is 25seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is 30 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is 35 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is 40 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is 45seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is 50 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is 55 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is 60 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is 90seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is 120 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thetime period of vortexing is 150 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the time period of vortexing is 180 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the time period of vortexing is 5minutes. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the time period ofvortexing is 10 minutes.

Filtration, Dilution and Vortex Steps

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is diluted. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is serially diluted. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is diluted in serieswith the same dilution factor. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is diluted in series with different dilution factors. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is diluted and thenvortexed. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isvortexed and then diluted.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated twice. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated three (3)times. In o embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated four (4) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and these steps are repeated five (5) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and these steps are repeated six (6) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated seven (7) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated nine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated eleven (11)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated twelve (12) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and these steps are repeated thirteen (13) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and these steps are repeated fourteen (14) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and these steps are repeated fifteen (15) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and these steps are repeated sixteen (16) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and these steps are repeated seventeen (17) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and these steps are repeated eighteen (18) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and these steps are repeated nineteen (19) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and these steps are repeated twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated at least twice. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least three (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least four (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least five (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least seven (7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least nine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least ten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated at least twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated at least thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated at least fourteen (14) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated at least fifteen (15) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated at least sixteen (16) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and these steps are repeated at least seventeen (17) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and these steps are repeated at least eighteen (18) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated at least nineteen(19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated at leasttwenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated more than twice. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than three (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than four (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than five (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than seven (7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than nine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than ten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated more than twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated more than thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated more than fourteen (14) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated more than fifteen (15) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated more than sixteen (16) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and these steps are repeated more than seventeen (17) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated more than eighteen(18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated more thannineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated twice. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated three (3) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated four (4)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedfive (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated seven (7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated eight (8) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated nine (9) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated ten (10)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedeleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sampleis filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” stepsare repeated twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated thirteen (13) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated fourteen (14) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedfifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sampleis filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” stepsare repeated sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated seventeen (17) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated eighteen (18) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatednineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated at least twice. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least three (3) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedat least four (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated at least five (5) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least six (6) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at leastseven (7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated at least eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated at least nine (9) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least ten(10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated at least eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated at least twelve (12) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at leastthirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated at least fourteen (14) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least fifteen (15)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedat least sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated at least seventeen (17) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at leasteighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated at least nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least twenty (20)times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated more than twice. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than three (3) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedmore than four (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated more than five (5) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than six (6) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated morethan seven (7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated more than eight (8) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than nine (9) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated morethan ten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated more than eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than twelve (12) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedmore than thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated more than fourteen (14) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more thanfifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sampleis filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” stepsare repeated more than sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than seventeen (17)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedmore than eighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated more than nineteen (19) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more thantwenty (20) times.

Filtration, Vortex and Dilution Steps

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated twice. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated three (3)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated four (4) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated five (5) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated Six (6) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated seven (7) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated nine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated eleven (11)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated twelve (12) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated thirteen (13) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated fourteen (14) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated fifteen (15) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated sixteen (16) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated seventeen (17) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated eighteen (18) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated nineteen (19) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated at least twice. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedat least three (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, arid these steps are repeatedat least four (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedat least five (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedat least six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedat least seven (7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedat least eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedat least nine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedat least ten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedat least eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated at least twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated at least thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated at least fourteen (14) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated at least fifteen (15) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated at least sixteen (16) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated at least seventeen (17) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated at least eighteen (18) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated at least nineteen(19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated at leasttwenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated more than twice. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than three (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than four (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than five (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than seven (7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than nine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than ten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated more than twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated more than thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the. sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated more than fourteen (14) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated more than fifteen (15) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated more than sixteen (16) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated more than seventeen(17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated more thaneighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the se steps arerepeated more than twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexedand diluted” steps are repeated twice. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated three (3) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated four (4)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedfive (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated seven (7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexedand diluted” steps are repeated eight (8) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated nine (9) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated ten (10)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedeleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sampleis filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” stepsare repeated twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexedand diluted” steps are repeated thirteen (13) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated fourteen (14) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedfifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sampleis filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” stepsare repeated sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexedand diluted” steps are repeated seventeen (17) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated eighteen (18) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the; ample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatednineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexedand diluted” steps are repeated at least twice. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least three (3) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at leastfour (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated at least five (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexedand diluted” steps are repeated at least six (6) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at leastseven (7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated at least eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexedand diluted” steps are repeated at least nine (9) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least ten(10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated at least eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexedand diluted” steps are repeated at least twelve (12) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at leastthirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated at least fourteen (14) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least fifteen (15)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed anddiluted” steps are repeated at least seventeen (17) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at leasteighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated at least nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least twenty (20)times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexedand diluted” steps are repeated more than twice. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than three (3) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than four (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated more than five (5) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than six (6) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more thanseven (7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated more than eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexedand diluted” steps are repeated more than nine (9) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than ten(10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated more than eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexedand diluted” steps are repeated more than twelve (12) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more thanthirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated more than fourteen (14) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than fifteen (15)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed anddiluted” steps are repeated more than seventeen (17) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more thaneighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated more than nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than twenty (20)times.

Dilution Step

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in asample diluted 10⁻¹. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMSis measured in a sample diluted 10⁻². In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻³. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻⁴. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted 10⁻⁵. In one, embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS ismeasured in a sample diluted 10⁻⁶. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻⁷. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻⁸. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted 10⁻⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS ismeasured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁰. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹¹. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹².In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in asample diluted 10⁻¹³. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMSis measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁴. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁵. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted 10⁻¹⁶. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS ismeasured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁸. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁹.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in asample diluted 10⁻²⁰.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻¹. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻². In one embodimentof the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least10⁻³. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻⁴. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻⁵. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least10⁻⁶. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻⁸. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least10⁻⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁰. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹¹. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted at least 10⁻¹². In one embodiment of the disclosed method theEMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹³. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least10⁻¹⁴. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured ina sample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁶. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted at least 10⁻¹⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosed method theEMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁸. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least10⁻¹⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured ina sample diluted at least 10⁻²⁰.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻¹. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻². In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted more than 10⁻³. In one embodiment of the disclosed method theEMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻⁴. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than10⁻⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻⁶. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻⁷. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted more than 10⁻⁸. In one embodiment of the disclosed method theEMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻⁹. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than10⁻¹⁰. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured ina sample diluted more than 10⁻¹¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹². In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted more than 10⁻¹³. In one embodiment of the disclosed method theEMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁴. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted morethan 10⁻¹⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS ismeasured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁶. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than10⁻¹⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured ina sample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁸. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁹. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted more than 10⁻²⁰.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻². Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the EMS measured in a samplediluted approximately 10⁻³. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻⁴. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted approximately 10⁻⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻⁶. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted approximately 10⁻⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻⁸. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted approximately 10⁻⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁰. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted approximately 10⁻¹¹. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹². In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted approximately 10⁻¹³. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁴. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted approximately 10⁻¹⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁶. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted approximately 10⁻¹⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁸. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the EMS is measured in a samplediluted approximately 10⁻¹⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻²⁰.

Dilution Factor

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:1. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:2. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:3. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:4. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:5. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:6. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:7. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:8. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:9,preferably diluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:10. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:11. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:12. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:13. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:14. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:15. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:16. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:17. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:18. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:19. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:20. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:25. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:30. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:35. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:40. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:45. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:50. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:55. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:60. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:65. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:70. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:75. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:80. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:85. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:90. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:95. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is 1:100.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is atleast 1:1. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factoris at least 1:2. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilutionfactor is at least 1:3. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is at least 1:4. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is at least 1:5. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:6. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:7. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:8.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is atleast 1:9. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factoris at least 1:10. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilutionfactor is at least 1:11. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is at least 1:12. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is at least 1:13. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:14. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:15. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:16.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is atleast 1:17. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilutionfactor is at least 1:18. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is at least 1:19. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is at least 1:20. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:25. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:30. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:35.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is atleast 1:40. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilutionfactor is at least 1:45. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is at least 1:50. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is at least 1:55. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:60. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:65. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:70.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is atleast 1:75. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilutionfactor is at least 1:80. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is at least 1:85. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is at least 1:90. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:95. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is at least 1:100.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is morethan 1:1. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factoris more than 1:2. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilutionfactor is more than 1:3. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is more than 1:4. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is more than 1:5. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is more than 1:6. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the dilution factor is more than 1:7. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is more than 1:8.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is morethan 1:9. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factoris more than 1:10. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is more than 1:11. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is more than 1:12. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is more than 1:13. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is more than1:14. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor ismore than 1:15. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilutionfactor is more than 1:16. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is more than 1:17. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is more than 1:18. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is more than 1:19. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is more than1:20. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor ismore than 1:25. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilutionfactor is more than 1:30. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is more than 1:35. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is more than 1:40. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is more than 1:45. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is more than1:50. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor ismore than 1:55. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilutionfactor is more than 1:60. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is more than 1:65. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is more than 1:70. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is more than 1:75. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is more than1:80. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor ismore than 1:85. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilutionfactor is more than 1:90. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is more than 1:95. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is more than 1:100.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor isapproximately 1:1. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is approximately 1:2. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is approximately 1:3. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the dilution factor is approximately 1:4. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is approximately1:5. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor isapproximately 1:6. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is approximately 1:7. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the dilution factor is approximately 1:8. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the dilution factor is approximately 1:9. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is approximately1:10. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor isapproximately 1:11. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is approximately 1:12. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is approximately 1:13. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is approximately1:14. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor isapproximately 1:15. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is approximately 1:16. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is approximately 1:17. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is approximately1:18. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor isapproximately 1:19. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is approximately 1:20. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is approximately 1:25. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is approximately1:30. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor isapproximately 1:35. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is approximately 1:40. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is approximately 1:45. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is approximately1:50. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor isapproximately 1:55. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is approximately 1:60. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is approximately 1:65. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is approximately1:70. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor isapproximately 1:75. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is approximately 1:80. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the dilution factor is approximately 1:85. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor is approximately1:90. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the dilution factor isapproximately 1:95. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedilution factor is approximately 1:100.

Sample Preparation

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is unfrozen. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is frozen and then the DNAis extracted from the sample. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is unfrozen and the DNA is extracted from the sample.

Sample Material

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a body fluid. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is blood. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is plasma. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is urine. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is sweat. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is tears. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is salvia. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is seminal fluid. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is vaginal fluid. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is fecal cells. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is feces.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a tissue. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a cell. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a combination of tissueand cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample iscells. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is red bloodcells, In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is whiteblood cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample islymphocytes. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isplatelets. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is cellsthat centrifuge with red blood cells. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is skin. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is buccal cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is nasal cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is hair follicles. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is ectoderm cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is endoderm cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is mesoderm cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is sperm. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isoocytes. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is ovum.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is eggs. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is gametocytes. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is stem cells. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is cloned cells. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is derived cells.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is body part. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a hand. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a finger. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is an eye. In oreembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a hair. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a foot. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is toe. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the sample is a face. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is a palm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is a mouth. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is a cheek. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is a lip. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is an arm. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe sample is a leg.

Sample Solution Content

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is filtered. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a solution containingDNA and the solution is filtered. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is a solution containing RNA and the solution isfiltered.

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 100 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 95 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA,and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 90 nm porosity.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 85 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 80 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA,and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 75 nm porosity.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 70 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 65 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA,and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 60 nm porosity.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 55 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 50 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA,and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 45 nm porosity.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 40 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 35 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA,and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 30 nm porosity.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 25 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 20 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA,and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 15 nm porosity.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 10 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 5 nm porosity.

PCR Primers

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is analyzed withPCR primers. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isanalyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV gene. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is analyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV geneand the HIV gene is Gag. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is analyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV gene and the HIV gene isPol. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is analyzedwith a PCR primer of a HIV gene and the HIV gene is Env. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is analyzed with a PCRprimer of a HIV gene and the HIV gene is Tat. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is analyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV geneand the HIV gene is Rev. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is analyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV gene and the HIV gene isNef. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is analyzedwith a PCR primer of a HIV gene and the HIV gene is Vif. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is analyzed with a PCRprimer of a HIV gene and the HIV gene is Vpr. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the sample is analyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV geneand the HIV gene is Vpu. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thesample is analyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV sequence and the HIVsequence is LTR. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isanalyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV sequence and the HIV sequence isdouble LTR. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample isanalyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV gene of a HIV variant. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the sample is analyzed with a PCRprimer of at least one HIV gene. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the sample is analyzed with PCR primers of a combination of HIVgenes. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is analyzedwith a PCR primer of a partial nucleotide sequence of the HIV sequence.In one embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is analyzed with aPCR primer of a nucleotide sequence of the DNA translation of a HIV RNA.

Viruses

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the detected virus is the HIVvirus. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the detected virus isthe Chickenpox (Varicella) virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the detected virus is the Common cold virus. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed method the detected virus is the Cytomegalovirus. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the detected virus is the Coloradotick fever virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the detectedvirus is the Dengue fever virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the detected virus is the Ebola hemorrhagic fever virus. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the detected virus is the Hand, footand mouth disease virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedetected virus is the Hepatitis virus. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the detected virus is the Herpes simplex virus. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the detected virus is the Herpeszoster virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the detectedvirus is the HPV virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedetected virus is the Influenza (Flu) virus. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the detected virus is the Lassa fever virus. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the detected virus is the Measlesvirus. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the detected virus isthe Marburg hemorrhagic fever virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the detected virus is the Infectious mononucleosis virus. In oneembodiment of the disclosed method the detected virus is the Mumpsvirus. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the detected virus isthe Norovirus. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the detectedvirus is the Poliomyelitis virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the detected virus is the Progressive multifocalleukencephalopathy virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedetected virus is the Rabies virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedmethod the detected virus is the Rubella virus. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the detected virus is the SARS virus. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the detected virus is the Smallpox (Variola)virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the detected virus isthe Viral encephalitis virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed methodthe detected virus is the Viral gastroenteritis virus. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the detected virus is the Viral meningitisvirus. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the detected virus isthe Viral pneumonia virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thedetected virus is the West Nile disease virus. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the detected virus is the Yellow fever virus.

Pathogenic Particle

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the pathogenic particle is afungal cell. In one embodiment of the disclosed method the pathogenicparticle is a bacteria. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thepathogenic particle is a virus.

Pathogenic Infection

In one embodiment of the disclosed method the pathogenic infection is afungal infection. In one embodiment of the disclosed method thepathogenic infection is a bacterial infection. In one embodiment of thedisclosed method the pathogenic infection is a viral infection.

Embodiments of the Disclosed Composition Time Period of Vortexing

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period ofvortexing is at least 1 second. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is at least 2 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing isat least 3 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is at least 4 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the time period of vortexing is at least 5seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is at least 6 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is at least 7 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing isat least 8 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is at least 9 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the time period of vortexing is at least 10seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is at least 11 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is at least 12 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing isat least 13 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is at least 14 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is at least 15seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is at least 16 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is at least 17 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing isat least 18 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is at least 19 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is at least 20seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is at least 25 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is at least 30 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing isat least 35 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is at least 40 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is at least 45seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is at least 50 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is at least 55 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing isat least 60 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is at least 90 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is zit least 120seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is at least 150 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is at least 180 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing isat least 5 minutes. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is at least 10 minutes.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period ofvortexing is more than 1 second. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is more than 2 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing ismore than 3 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is more than 4 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is more than 5seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is more than 6 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is more than 7 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing ismore than 8 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is more than 9 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is more than 10seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is more than 11 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is more than 12 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing ismore than 13 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is more than 14 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is more than 15seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is more than 16 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is more than 17 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing ismore than 18 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is more than 19 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is more than 20seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is more than 25 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is more than 30 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing ismore than 35 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is more than 40 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is more than 45seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is more than 50 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is more than 55 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing ismore than 60 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thetime period of vortexing is more than 90 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is more than 120seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is more than 150 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the time period of vortexing is more than 180seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is more than 5 minutes. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the lime period of vortexing is more than 10 minutes.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period ofvortexing is approximately 1 second. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 2 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 3 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 4 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 5 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 6 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 7 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 8 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 9 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 10 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 11 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 12 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 13 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 14 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 15 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 16 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 17 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 18 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 19 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 20 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 25 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 30 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 35 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 40 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 45 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 50 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 55 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 60 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexingis approximately 90 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is approximately 120 seconds.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period ofvortexing is approximately 150 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the time period of vortexing is approximately 180seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time periodof vortexing is approximately 5 minutes. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the time period of vortexing is approximately 10minutes.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period ofvortexing is 1 second. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe time period of vortexing is 2 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the time period of vortexing is 3 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is4 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the timeperiod of vortexing is 5 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is 6 seconds. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is 7 seconds.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the time period ofvortexing is 8 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe time period of vortexing is 9 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the time period of vortexing is 10 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is11 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the timeperiod of vortexing is 12 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is 13 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is14 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the timeperiod of vortexing is 15 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is 16 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is17 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the timeperiod of vortexing is 18 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is 19 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is20 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the timeperiod of vortexing is 25 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is 30 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is35 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the timeperiod of vortexing is 40 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is 45 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is50 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the timeperiod of vortexing is 55 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is 60 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is90 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the timeperiod of vortexing is 120 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is 150 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the time period of vortexing is180 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the timeperiod of vortexing is 5 minutes. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the time period of vortexing is 10 minutes.

Filtration, Dilution and Vortex Steps

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is diluted. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is seriallydiluted. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isdiluted in series with the same dilution factor. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is diluted in series with differentdilution factors. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is diluted and then vortexed. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is vortexed and then diluted.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated twice. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated three (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated four (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated five (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated seven (7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated nine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated ten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated fourteen (14) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated fifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated seventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated eighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated at least twice. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated at least three (3) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated at least four (4) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated at least five (5) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and these steps are repeated at least six (6) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, arid these steps are repeated at least seven (7) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated at least eight (8)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated at leastnine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least ten (10) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated at least eleven (11)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated at leasttwelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated at least fourteen (14) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated at least fifteen (15) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and these steps are repeated at least sixteen (16) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated at least seventeen(17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated at leasteighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated at least twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated more than twice. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated more than three (3) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated more than four (4) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated more than five (5) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and these steps are repeated more than six (6) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and these steps are repeated more than seven (7) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated more than eight (8)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated more thannine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than ten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps arerepeated more than eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated more than twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated more than thirteen (13) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and these steps are repeated more than fourteen (14)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated more thanfifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and thesesteps are repeated more than seventeen (17) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated more than eighteen (18) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and these steps are repeated more than nineteen (19)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated more thantwenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated twice. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated three (3) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedfour (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated five (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated six (6) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated seven(7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated nine (9) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated ten (10) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated eleven(11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated thirteen (13) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated fourteen(14) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated fifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated sixteen (16) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedseventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated eighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated nineteen (19) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedtwenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least twice. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at leastthree (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated at least four (4) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least five (5) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedat least s [x (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated at least seven (7) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted andvortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at leasteight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated at least nine (9) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least ten (10) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedat least eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least twelve (12) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedat least thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least fourteen (14) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedat least fifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least sixteen (16) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedat least seventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least eighteen (18) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedat least nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than twice. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated morethan three (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated more than four (4) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than five (5) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedmore than six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated more than seven (7) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated morethan eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated more than nine (9) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than ten (10) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedmore than eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than twelve (12) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedmore than thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than fourteen (14) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedmore than fifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than sixteen (16) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedmore than seventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than eighteen (18) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedmore than nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the“diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than twenty (20) times.

Filtration, Vortex and Dilution Steps

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated twice. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated three (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed aid diluted, and these steps arerepeated four (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated five (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated seven (7) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed arid diluted, and these steps arerepeated eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated nine′, 9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated ten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated fourteen (14) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated fifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed arid diluted, andthese steps are repeated sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated seventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated eighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated at least twice. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated at least three (3) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated at least four (4) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated at least five (5) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated at least six (6) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated at least seven (7) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated at least eight (8)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated at leastnine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedat least ten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated at least eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated at least twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated at least thirteen (13) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated at least fourteen (14) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated at least fifteen (15)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated at leastsixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedat least seventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated at least eighteen (18) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated at least nineteen (19) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated at least twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated more than twice. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated more than three (3) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated more than four (4) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated more than five (5) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and these steps are repeated more than six (6) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated more than seven (7) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated more than eight (8)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated more thannine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than ten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps arerepeated more than eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated more than twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated more than thirteen (13) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated more than fourteen (14) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated more than fifteen(15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated more thansixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than seventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and thesesteps are repeated more than eighteen (18) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated more than nineteen (19) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated more than twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated twice. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated three (3) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedfour (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated five (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated six (6) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated seven (7)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed anddiluted” steps are repeated nine (9) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated ten (10) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated eleven(11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated thirteen (13) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated fourteen(14) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated fifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated sixteen (16) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated seventeen(17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated eighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated nineteen (19) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated twenty(20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least twice. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at leastthree (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated at least four (4) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least five (5) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed and. diluted, and the “vortexed anddiluted” steps are repeated at least seven (7) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at leasteight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated at least nine (9) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least ten (10) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least twelve (12) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least fourteen (14) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least fifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least sixteen (16) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least seventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least eighteen (18) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed arid diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than twice. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more thanthree (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated more than four (4) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than five (5) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed anddiluted” steps are repeated more than seven (7) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed anddiluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more thaneight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated more than nine (9) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than ten (10) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than twelve (12) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than fourteen (14) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than fifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than sixteen (16) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than seventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than eighteen (18) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than twenty (20) times.

Dilution Step

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted 10⁻¹. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition theEMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻². In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻³. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted 10⁻⁴. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition theEMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻⁵. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻⁶. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted 10⁻⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition theEMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻⁸. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻⁹. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted 10⁻¹⁰. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition theEMS is measured in a sample diluted 10¹¹. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹². Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted 10⁻¹³. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition theEMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁴. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁵. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted 10⁻¹⁶. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition theEMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁷. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁸. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted 10⁻¹⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition theEMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻²⁰.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻². Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻³. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻⁴. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻⁶. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻⁸. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁰. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻¹¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹². Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻¹³. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁴. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁶. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁸. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻².

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻². Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻³. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻⁴. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻⁶. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻⁸. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁰. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻¹¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹². Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻¹³. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁴. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁶. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁸. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻²⁰.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻².In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻³. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻⁴.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻⁶.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻⁸.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁰.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹².In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹³. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁴.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁶.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁸.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻²⁰.

Dilution Factor

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is1:1. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris 1:2. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilutionfactor is 1:3. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is 1:4. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe dilution factor is 1:5. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is 1:6. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:7. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:8. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:9. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:10. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:11.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is1:12. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris 1:13. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilutionfactor is 1:14. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is 1:15. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe dilution factor is 1:16. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is 1:17. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:18. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:19. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:20. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:25. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:30.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is1:35. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris 1:40. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilutionfactor is 1:45. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is 1:50. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe dilution factor is 1:55. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is 1:60. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:65. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:70. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:75. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:80. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is 1:85.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is1:90. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris 1:95. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilutionfactor is 1:100.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is atleast 1:1. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilutionfactor is at least 1:2. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe dilution factor is at least 1:3. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is at least 1:4. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least 1:5. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least1:6. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris at least 1:7. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is at least 1:8. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is at least 1:9. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least 1:10. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least1:11. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris at least 1:12. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is at least 1:13. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is at least 1:14. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least 1:15. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least1:16. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris at least 1:17. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is at least 1:18. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is at least 1:19. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least 1:20. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least1:25. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris at least 1:30. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is at least 1:35. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is at least 1:40. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least 1:45. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least1:50. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris at least 1:55. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is at least 1:60. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is at least 1:65. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least 1:70. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least1:75. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris at least 1:80. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is at least 1:85. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is at least 1:90. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least 1:95. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is at least1:100.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor ismore than 1:1. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is more than 1:2. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is more than 1:3. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than 1:4. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than1:5. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris more than 1:6. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is more than 1:7. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is more than 1:8. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than 1:9. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than1:10. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris more than 1:11. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is more than 1:12. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is more than 1:13. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than 1:14. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than1:15. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris more than 1:16. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is more than 1:17. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is more than 1:18. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than 1:19. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than1:20. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris more than 1:25. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is more than 1:30. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is more than 1:35. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than 1:40. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than1:45. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris more than 1:50. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is more than 1:55. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is more than 1:60. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than 1:65. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than1:70. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris more than 1:75. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is more than 1:80. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is more than 1:85. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than 1:90. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor is more than1:95. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factoris more than 1:100.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor isapproximately 1:1. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is approximately 1:2. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is approximately 1:3. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the dilution factor is approximately 1:4.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor isapproximately 1:5. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is approximately 1:6. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the dilution factor is approximately 1:7. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the dilution factor is approximately 1:8.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor isapproximately 1:9. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is approximately 1:10. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the dilution factor is approximately 1:11. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor isapproximately 1:12. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is approximately 1:13. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the dilution factor is approximately 1:14. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor isapproximately 1:15. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is approximately 1:16. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the dilution factor is approximately 1:17. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor isapproximately 1:18. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is approximately 1:19. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the dilution factor is approximately 1:20. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor isapproximately 1:25. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is approximately 1:30. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the dilution factor is approximately 1:35. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor isapproximately 1:40. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is approximately 1:45. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the dilution factor is approximately 1:50. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor isapproximately 1:55. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is approximately 1:60. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the dilution factor is approximately 1:65. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor isapproximately 1:70. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is approximately 1:75. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the dilution factor is approximately 1:80. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor isapproximately 1:85. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedilution factor is approximately 1:90. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the dilution factor is approximately 1:95. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the dilution factor isapproximately 1:100.

Sample Preparation

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is unfrozen.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is frozen andthen the DNA is extracted from the sample. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is unfrozen and the DNA is extractedfrom the sample.

Sample Material

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a bodyfluid. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isblood. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isplasma. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isurine. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample issweat. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample istears. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample issalvia. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isseminal fluid. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sampleis vaginal fluid. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is fecal cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is feces.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a tissue.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a cell. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a combinationof tissue and cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is red blood cells. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is white blood cells. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is lymphocytes. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is platelets. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is cells that centrifuge with redblood cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sampleis skin. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample isbuccal cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sampleis nasal cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesample is hair follicles. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is ectoderm cells. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is endoderm cells. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is mesoderm cells. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is sperm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is oocytes. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is ovum. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is eggs. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is gametocytes. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is stem cells. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is cloned cells. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the sample is derived cells.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is body part.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a hand. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a finger. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is an eye. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a hair. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a foot. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is toe. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a face. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a palm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a mouth. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a cheek. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a lip. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is an arm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a leg.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is filtered.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and the solution is filtered. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the sample is a solution containing RNA and thesolution is filtered.

Sample Solution Content

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 100 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 95 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/orRNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 90 nmporosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is asolution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with afilter of at least 85 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of at least 80 nm porosity. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 75 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 70 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/orRNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 65 nmporosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is asolution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with afilter of at least 60 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of at least 55 nm porosity. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 50 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 45 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/orRNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 40 nmporosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is asolution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with afilter of at least 35 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of at least 30 nm porosity. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 25 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 20 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/orRNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 15 nmporosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is asolution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with afilter of at least 10 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of at least 5 nm porosity.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 100 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 95 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 90 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 85 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 80 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 75 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 70 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 65 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 60 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 55 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 50 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 45 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 40 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 35 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 30 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 25 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 20 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 15 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 10 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 5 nm porosity.

Particle Size

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles less than 100 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles less than 95 nm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprises particlesless than 90 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles less than 85 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the solution comprises particles less than 80 nm.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles less than 75 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles less than 70 nm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprises particlesless than 65 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles less than 60 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the solution comprises particles less than 55 nm.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles less than 50 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles less than 45 nm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprises particlesless than 40 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles less than 35 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the solution comprises particles less than 30 nm.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles less than 25 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles less than 20 nm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprises particlesless than 15 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles less than 10 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the solution comprises particles less than 5 nm.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles less than approximately 100 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the solution comprises particles less thanapproximately 95 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles less than approximately 90 nm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprises particlesless than approximately 85 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles less than approximately 80nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the solutioncomprises particles less than approximately 75 nm. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the solution comprises particles less thanapproximately 70 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles less than approximately 65 nm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprises particlesless than approximately 60 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles less than approximately 55nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the solutioncomprises particles less than approximately 50 nm. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the solution comprises particles less thanapproximately 45 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles less than approximately 40 nm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprises particlesless than approximately 35 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles less than approximately 30nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the solutioncomprises particles less than approximately 25 nm. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the solution comprises particles less thanapproximately 20 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles less than approximately 15 nm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprises particlesless than approximately 10 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles less than approximately 5nm.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 100 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles not greater than 95 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 90 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles not greater than 85 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 80 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles not greater than 75 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 70 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles not greater than 65 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 60 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles not greater than 55 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 50 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles not greater than 45 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 40 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles not greater than 35 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 30 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles not greater than 25 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 20 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles not greater than 15 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 10 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the solution comprises particles not greater than 5 nm.

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 100 nm. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the solution comprises particles not greaterthan approximately 95 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe solution comprises particles not greater than approximately 90 nm.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 85 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the solution comprises particles not greater thanapproximately 80 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles not greater than approximately 75 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 70 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the solution comprises particles not greater thanapproximately 65 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles not greater than approximately 60 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 55 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the solution comprises particles not greater thanapproximately 50 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles not greater than approximately 45 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 40 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the solution comprises particles not greater thanapproximately 35 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles not greater than approximately 30 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 25 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the solution comprises particles not greater thanapproximately 20 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thesolution comprises particles not greater than approximately 15 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 10 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the solution comprises particles not greater thanapproximately 5 nm.

Viruses

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the detected virus is theHIV virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the detectedvirus is the Chickenpox (Varicella) virus. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the detected virus is the Common cold virus. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the detected virus is theCytomegalovirus. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedetected virus is the Colorado tick fever virus. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the detected virus is the Dengue fever virus.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the detected virus is theEbola hemorrhagic fever virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the detected virus is the Hand, foot and mouth diseasevirus. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the detected virusis the Hepatitis virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe detected virus is the Herpes simplex virus. In one embodiment of thedisclosed composition the detected virus is the Herpes zoster virus. Inone embodiment of the disclosed composition the detected virus is theHPV virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the detectedvirus is the Influenza (Flu) virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the detected virus is the Lassa fever virus. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the detected virus is theMeasles virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedetected virus is the Marburg hemorrhagic fever virus. In one embodimentof the disclosed composition the detected virus is the Infectiousmononucleosis virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedetected virus is the Mumps virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the detected virus is the Norovirus. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the detected virus is the Poliomyelitis virus.In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the detected virus is theProgressive multifocal leukencephalopathy virus. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the detected virus is the Rabies virus. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the detected virus is theRubella virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedetected virus is the SARS virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the detected virus is the Smallpox (Variola) virus. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the detected virus is the Viralencephalitis virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thedetected virus is the Viral gastroenteritis virus. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the detected virus is the Viral meningitisvirus. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the detected virusis the Viral pneumonia virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the detected virus is the West Nile disease virus. In oneembodiment of the disclosed composition the detected virus is the Yellowfever virus.

Pathogenic Particle

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the pathogenic particleis a fungal cell. In one embodiment of the disclosed composition thepathogenic particle is a bacterium. In one embodiment of the disclosedcomposition the pathogenic particle is a virus.

Pathogenic Infection

In one embodiment of the disclosed composition the pathogenic infectionis a fungal infection. In one embodiment of the disclosed compositionthe pathogenic infection is a bacterial infection. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed composition the pathogenic infection is a viral infection.

Embodiments of Disclosed Apparatus Time Period of Vortexing

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is at least 1 second. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 2 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is atleast 3 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 4 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 5 seconds.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is at least 6 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 7 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is atleast 8 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 9 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 10 seconds.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is at least 11 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 12 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is atleast 13 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 14 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 15 seconds.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is at least 16 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 17 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is atleast 18 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 19 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 20 seconds.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is at least 25 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 30 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is atleast 35 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 40 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 45 seconds.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is at least 50 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 55 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is atleast 60 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 90 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 120seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is at least 150 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is at least 180 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is atleast 5 minutes. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the timeperiod of vortexing is at least 10 minutes.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is more than 1 second. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 2 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing ismore than 3 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thetime period of vortexing is more than 4 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 5seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is more than 6 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 7 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing ismore than 8 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thetime period of vortexing is more than 9 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 10seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is more than 11 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 12 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing ismore than 13 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thetime period of vortexing is more than 14 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 15seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is more than 16 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 17 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing ismore than 18 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thetime period of vortexing is more than 19 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 20seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is more than 25 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 30 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing ismore than 35 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thetime period of vortexing is more than 40 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 45seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is more than 50 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 55 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing ismore than 60 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thetime period of vortexing is more than 90 seconds. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 120seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is more than 150 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is more than 180 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing ismore than 5 minutes. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thetime period of vortexing is more than 10 minutes.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is approximately 1 second. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is approximately 2 seconds. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexingis approximately 3 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 4 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 5 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 6 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 7 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 8 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 9 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 10 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 11 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 12 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 13 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 14 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 15 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 16 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 17 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 18 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 19 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 20 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 25 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 30 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 35 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 40 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 45 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 50 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 55 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 60 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 90 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 120 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 150 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 180 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing isapproximately 5 minutes. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is approximately 10 minutes.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is 1 second. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thetime period of vortexing is 2 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 3 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 4seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is 5 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thetime period of vortexing is 6 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 7 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 8seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is 9 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thetime period of vortexing is 10 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 11 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 12seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is 13 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is 14 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 15 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 16seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is 17 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is 18 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 19 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 20seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is 25 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is 30 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 35 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 40seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is 45 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is 50 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 55 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 60seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period ofvortexing is 90 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe time period of vortexing is 120 seconds. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is 150 seconds. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the time period of vortexing is180 seconds. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the timeperiod of vortexing is 5 minutes. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the time period of vortexing is 10 minutes.

Filtration, Dilution and Vortex Steps

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is diluted. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is seriallydiluted. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isdiluted in series with the same dilution factor. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is diluted in series with differentdilution factors. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is diluted and then vortexed. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is vortexed and then diluted.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these stepsare repeated twice. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedthree (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sampleis filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated four (4)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated five (5)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated six (6)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated seven (7)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated eight (8)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated nine (9)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated ten (10)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated eleven (11)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated twelve (12)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated thirteen(13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated fourteen(14) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated fifteen(15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated sixteen(16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated seventeen(17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated eighteen(18) times. En one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated nineteen(19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated twenty (20)times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these stepsare repeated at least twice. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these stepsare repeated at least three (3) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated at least four (4) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated at least five (5) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated at least six (6) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated at least seven (7) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated at least eight (8) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated at least nine (9) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated at least ten (10) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated at least eleven (11) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and these steps are repeated at least twelve (12) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated at least thirteen(13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated at leastfourteen (14) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedat least fifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these stepsare repeated at least sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated at least seventeen (17) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and these steps are repeated at least eighteen (18) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated at least nineteen(19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated at leasttwenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these stepsare repeated more than twice. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these stepsare repeated more than three (3) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated more than four (4) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated more than five (5) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated more than six (6) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and these steps are repeated more than seven (7) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and these steps are repeated more than eight (8) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated more than nine (9)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated more thanten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sampleis filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated morethan eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these stepsare repeated more than thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated more than fourteen (14) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and these steps are repeated more than fifteen (15) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated more than sixteen(16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is,filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeated more thanseventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these steps are repeatedmore than eighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and these stepsare repeated more than nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthese steps are repeated more than twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated twice. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated three (3) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated four (4)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated five (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated six (6) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated seven (7) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated eight(8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated nine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated ten (10) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated eleven (11) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated twelve(12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated fourteen (14) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated fifteen (15) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedsixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated seventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated eighteen (18) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatednineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated at least twice. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least three (3)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated at least four (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated at least five (5) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at leastsix (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sampleis filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” stepsare repeated at least seven (7) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least eight (8) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedat least nine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated at least ten (10) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least eleven (11)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated at least twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated at least thirteen (13) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at leastfourteen (14) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated at least fifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least sixteen (16)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated at least seventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least eighteen (18)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated at least nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated at least twenty (20)times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated more than twice. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than three (3)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated more than four (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated more than five (5) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated morethan six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed”steps are repeated more than seven (7) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, andthe “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than eight (8) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeatedmore than nine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated more than ten (10) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed,and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated more than eleven (11)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps arerepeated more than twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “dilutedand vortexed” steps are repeated more than thirteen (13) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated morethan fourteen (14) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated more than fifteen (15) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, arid the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated morethan sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated more than seventeen (17) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated morethan eighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is filtered, diluted and vortexed, and the “diluted andvortexed” steps are repeated more than nineteen (19) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, dilutedand vortexed, and the “diluted and vortexed” steps are repeated morethan twenty (20) times.

Filtration, Vortex and Dilution Steps

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these stepsare repeated twice. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedthree (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sampleis filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated four (4)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated five (5)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated six (6)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated seven (7)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated eight (8)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated nine (9)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated ten (10)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated eleven (11)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated twelve (12)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated thirteen(13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated fourteen(14) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated fifteen(15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated sixteen(16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated seventeen(17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated eighteen(18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated nineteen(19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated twenty (20)times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these stepsare repeated at least twice. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these stepsare repeated at least three (3) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated at least four (4) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated at least five (5) times In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated at least six (6) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated at least seven (7) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated at least eight (8) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated at least nine (9) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated at least ten (10) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated at least eleven (11) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated at least twelve (12) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated at least thirteen(13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated at leastfourteen (14) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedat least fifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these stepsare repeated at least sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated at least seventeen (17) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated at least eighteen (18) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated at least nineteen(19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated at leasttwenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these stepsare repeated more than twice. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these stepsare repeated more than three (3) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated more than four (4) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated more than five (5) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated more than six (6) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and these steps are repeated more than seven (7) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated more than eight (8) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated more than nine (9)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated more thanten (10) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sampleis filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated morethan eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these stepsare repeated more than thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated more than fourteen (14) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and these steps are repeated more than fifteen (15) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated more than sixteen(16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeated more thanseventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these steps are repeatedmore than eighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and these stepsare repeated more than nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthese steps are repeated more than twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated twice. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated three (3) times, Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedfour (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sampleis filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” stepsare repeated five (5) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated six (6) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated seven (7)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated eight (8) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed anddiluted” steps are repeated nine (9) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated ten (10) times. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated eleven(11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed anddiluted” steps are repeated thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated fourteen (14) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedfifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated seventeen (17) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedeighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least twice. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at leastthree (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sampleis filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” stepsare repeated at least four (4) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least five (5) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted”steps are repeated at least seven (7) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least eight (8) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least nine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed anddiluted” steps are repeated at least ten (10) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least eleven (11)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated at least twelve (12) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least thirteen (13) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least fourteen (14) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least fifteen (15) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least sixteen (16) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least seventeen (17) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least eighteen (18) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated at least nineteen (19) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedat least twenty (20) times.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, in that order. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than twice. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexedand diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more thanthree (3) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sampleis filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” stepsare repeated more than four (4) times. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, andthe “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than five (5) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than six (6) times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed anddiluted” steps are repeated more than seven (7) times. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted,and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than eight (8)times. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isfiltered, vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps arerepeated more than nine (9) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than ten (10) times. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than eleven (11) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than twelve (12) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than thirteen (13) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than fourteen (14) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than fifteen (15) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than sixteen (16) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than seventeen (17) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than eighteen (18) times.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered,vortexed and diluted, and the “vortexed and diluted” steps are repeatedmore than nineteen (19) times. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is filtered, vortexed and diluted, and the“vortexed and diluted” steps are repeated more than twenty (20) times.

Dilution Step

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted 10⁻¹. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus theEMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻². In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻³. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted 10⁻⁴. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS ismeasured in a sample diluted 10⁻⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻⁶. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted 10⁻⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS ismeasured in a sample diluted 10⁻⁸. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻⁹. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted 10⁻¹⁰. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS ismeasured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹². In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted 10⁻¹³. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS ismeasured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁴. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁵. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted 10⁻¹⁶. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS ismeasured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted 10⁻¹⁸. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted 10⁻¹⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS ismeasured in a sample diluted 10⁻²⁰.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted at least 10⁻¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻². In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted at least 10⁻³. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus theEMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻⁴. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least10⁻⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measuredin a sample diluted at least 10⁻⁶. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻⁷. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted at least 10⁻⁸. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus theEMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻⁹. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least10⁻¹⁰. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measuredin a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹². In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted at least 10⁻¹³. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus theEMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁴. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least10⁻¹⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measuredin a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁶. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁷. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted at least 10⁻¹⁸. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus theEMS is measured in a sample diluted at least 10⁻¹⁹. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted at least10⁻²⁰.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted more than 10⁻¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻². In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted more than 10⁻³. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus theEMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻⁴. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted morethan 10⁻⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS ismeasured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻⁶. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than10⁻⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measuredin a sample diluted more than 10⁻⁸. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻⁹. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted more than 10⁻¹⁰. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹¹. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted more than 10⁻¹². In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹³. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted more than 10⁻¹⁴. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁵. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted more than 10⁻¹⁶. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁷. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted more than 10⁻¹⁸. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe EMS is measured in a sample diluted more than 10⁻¹⁹. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in a samplediluted more than 10⁻²⁰.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻². Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻³. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻⁴. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻⁶. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻⁸. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁰.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹¹. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹².In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹³. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁴.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁵. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁶.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁷. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁸.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the EMS is measured in asample diluted approximately 10⁻¹⁹. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the EMS is measured in a sample diluted approximately 10⁻²⁰.

Dilution Factor

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:1.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:2.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:3.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:4.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:5.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:6.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:7.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:8.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:9.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is1:10. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris 1:11. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilutionfactor is 1:12. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is 1:13. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe dilution factor is 1:14. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is 1:15. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:16. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:17. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:18. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:19. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:20.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is1:25. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris 1:30. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilutionfactor is 1:35. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is 1:40. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe dilution factor is 1:45. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is 1:50. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:55. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:60. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:65. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:70. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is 1:75.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is1:80. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris 1:85. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilutionfactor is 1:90. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is 1:95. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe dilution factor is 1:100.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is atleast 1:1. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilutionfactor is at least 1:2. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is at least 1:3. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:4. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:5. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least1:6. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isat least 1:7. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilutionfactor is at least 1:8. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is at least 1:9. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:10. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:11. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least1:12. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris at least 1:13. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is at least 1:14. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:15. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:16. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least1:17. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris at least 1:18. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is at least 1:19. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:20. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:25. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least1:30. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris at least 1:35. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is at least 1:40. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:45. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:50. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least1:55. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris at least 1:60. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is at least 1:65. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:70. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:75. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least1:80. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris at least 1:85. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is at least 1:90. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:95. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is at least 1:100.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is morethan 1:1. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilutionfactor is more than 1:2. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe dilution factor is more than 1:3. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:4. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:5. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than1:6. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor ismore than 1:7. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilutionfactor is more than 1:8. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe dilution factor is more than 1:9. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:10. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:11. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than1:12. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris more than 1:13. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is more than 1:14. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:15. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:16. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than1:17. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris more than 1:18. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is more than 1:19. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:20. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:25. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than1:30. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris more than 1:35. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is more than 1:40. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:45. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:50. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than1:55. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris more than 1:60. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is more than 1:65. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:70. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:75. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than1:80. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factoris more than 1:85. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is more than 1:90. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:95. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is more than 1:100.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isapproximately 1:1. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is approximately 1:2. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:3. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:4. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isapproximately 1:5. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is approximately 1:6. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:7. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:8. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isapproximately 1:9. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is approximately 1:10. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:11. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isapproximately 1:12. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is approximately 1:13. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:14. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isapproximately 1:15. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is approximately 1:16. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:17. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isapproximately 1:18. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is approximately 1:19. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:20. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isapproximately 1:25. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is approximately 1:30. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:35. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isapproximately 1:40. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is approximately 1:45. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:50. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isapproximately 1:55. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is approximately 1:60. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:65. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isapproximately 1:70. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is approximately 1:75. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:80. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isapproximately 1:85. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedilution factor is approximately 1:90. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the dilution factor is approximately 1:95. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the dilution factor isapproximately 1:100.

Sample Preparation

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is unfrozen. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is frozen and thenthe DNA is extracted from the sample. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is unfrozen and the DNA is extracted from thesample.

Sample Material

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a body fluid.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is blood. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is plasma. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is urine. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is sweat. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is tears. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is salvia. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is seminal fluid. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is vaginal fluid.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is fecal cells.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is feces.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a tissue. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a cell. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a combination oftissue and cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sampleis red blood cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesample is white blood cells. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is lymphocytes. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is platelets. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is cells that centrifuge with red blood cells. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is skin. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is buccal cells. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is nasal cells. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is hair follicles. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is ectoderm cells.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is endodermcells. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample ismesoderm cells. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sampleis sperm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isoocytes. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isovum. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is eggs.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is gametocytes.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is stem cells.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is cloned cells.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is derivedcells.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is body part. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a hand. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a finger. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is an eye. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a hair. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a foot. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is toe. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a face. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a palm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a mouth. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a cheek. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a lip. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is an arm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a leg.

Sample Solution Content

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is filtered. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and the solution is filtered. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is a solution containing RNA arid thesolution is filtered.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 100 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 95 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/orRNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 90 nmporosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is asolution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with afilter of at least 85 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of at least 80 nm porosity. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 75 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 70 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/orRNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 65 nmporosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is asolution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with afilter of at least 60 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of at least 55 nm porosity. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 50 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 45 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/orRNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 40 nmporosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is asolution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with afilter of at least 35 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of at least 30 nm porosity. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofat least 25 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution isfiltered with a filter of at least 20 nm porosity. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/orRNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter of at least 15 nmporosity. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is asolution containing DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with afilter of at least 10 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter or at least 5 nm porosity.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 100 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 95 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 90 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 85 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 80 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 75 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 70 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 65 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 60 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 55 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 50 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 45 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 40 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 35 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 30 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 25 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 20 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 15 nm porosity. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is a solutioncontaining DNA and/or RNA, and the solution is filtered with a filter ofapproximately 10 nm porosity. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is a solution containing DNA and/or RNA, and thesolution is filtered with a filter of approximately 5 nm porosity.

Particle Size

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles less than 100 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe solution comprises particles less than 95 nm. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles less than 90nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles less than 85 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe solution comprises particles less than 80 nm. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles less than 75nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles less than 70 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe solution comprises particles less than 65 nm. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles less than 60nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles less than 55 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe solution comprises particles less than 50 nm. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles less than 45nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles less than 40 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe solution comprises particles less than nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles less than 30 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles less than 25 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe solution comprises particles less than 20 nm. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles less than 15nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles less than 10 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe solution comprises particles less than 5 nm.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles less than approximately 100 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles less thanapproximately 95 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesolution comprises particles less than approximately 90 nm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprises particlesless than approximately 85 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles less than approximately 80nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles less than approximately 75 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles less thanapproximately 70 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesolution comprises particles less than approximately 65 nm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprises particlesless than approximately 60 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles less than approximately 55nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles less than approximately 50 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles less thanapproximately 45 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesolution comprises particles less than approximately 40 nm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprises particlesless than approximately 35 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles less than approximately 30nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles less than approximately 25 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles less thanapproximately 20 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesolution comprises particles less than approximately 15 nm. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprises particlesless than approximately 10 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles less than approximately 5 nm.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 100 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles not greater than 95 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 90 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles not greater than 85 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 80 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles not greater than 75 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 70 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles not greater than 65 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 60 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles not greater than 55 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 50 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles not greater than 45 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 40 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles not greater than 35 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 30 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles not greater than 25 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 20 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles not greater than 15 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than 10 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the solution comprises particles not greater than 5 nm.

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 100 nm. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles not greaterthan approximately 95 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe solution comprises particles not greater than approximately 90 nm.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 85 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles not greater thanapproximately 80 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesolution comprises particles not greater than approximately 75 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 70 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles not greater thanapproximately 65 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesolution comprises particles not greater than approximately 60 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 55 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles not greater thanapproximately 50 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesolution comprises particles not greater than approximately 45 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 40 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles not greater thanapproximately 35 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesolution comprises particles not greater than approximately 30 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 25 nm. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles not greater thanapproximately 20 nm. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thesolution comprises particles not greater than approximately 15 nm. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the solution comprisesparticles not greater than approximately 10 rim. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the solution comprises particles not greaterthan approximately 5 nm.

PCR Primers

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is analyzed withPCR primers. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample isanalyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV gene and the HIV gene is Gag. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is analyzed with a PCRprimer of a HIV gene and the HIV gene is Pol. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is analyzed with a PCR primer of a HIVgene and the HIV gene is Env. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is analyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV gene and theHIV gene is Tat. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sampleis analyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV gene and the HIV gene is Rev. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is analyzed with aPCR primer of a HIV gene and the HIV gene is Nef. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is analyzed with a PCR primer of aHIV gene and the HIV gene is Vif. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the sample is analyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV gene and theHIV gene is Vpr. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sampleis analyzed with a PCR primer of a HIV gene and the HIV gene is Vpu. Inone embodiment of the disclosed method the sample is analyzed with a PCRprimer of a HIV sequence and the HIV sequence is LTR. In one embodimentof the disclosed method the sample is analyzed with a PCR primer of aHIV sequence and the HIV sequence is double LTR. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is analyzed with a PCR primer of aHIV gene of a HIV variant. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe sample is analyzed with a PCR primer of at least one HIV gene. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the sample is analyzed withPCR primers of a combination of HIV genes. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the sample is analyzed with a PCR primer of apartial nucleotide sequence of the HIV sequence. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the sample is analyzed with a PCR primer of anucleotide sequence of the DNA translation of a HIV RNA.

Viruses

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detected virus is theHIV virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detectedvirus is the Chickenpox (Varicella) virus. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the detected virus is the Common cold virus. In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detected virus is theCytomegalovirus. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedetected virus is the Colorado tick fever virus. In one embodiment ofthe disclosed apparatus the detected virus is the Dengue fever virus. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detected virus is theEbola hemorrhagic fever virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the detected virus is the Hand, foot and mouth disease virus.In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detected virus is theHepatitis virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedetected virus is the Herpes simplex virus. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the detected virus is the Herpes zoster virus. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detected virus is the HPVvirus. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detected virusis the Influenza (Flu) virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the detected virus is the Lassa fever virus. In one embodimentof the disclosed apparatus the detected virus is the Measles virus. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detected virus is theMarburg hemorrhagic fever virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the detected virus is the Infectious mononucleosis virus. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detected virus is theMumps virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detectedvirus is the Norovirus. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedetected virus is the Poliomyelitis virus. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the detected virus is the Progressive multifocalleukencephalopathy virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatusthe detected virus is the Rabies virus. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the detected virus is the Rubella virus, In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detected virus is the SARSvirus. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detected virusis the Smallpox (Variola) virus. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the detected virus is the Viral encephalitis virus, In oneembodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detected virus is the Viralgastroenteritis virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedetected virus is the Viral meningitis virus. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the detected virus is the Viral pneumonia virus. Inone embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the detected virus is the WestNile disease virus. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thedetected virus is the Yellow fever virus.

Pathogenic Particle

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the pathogenic particle isa fungal cell. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thepathogenic particle is a bacteria. In one embodiment of the disclosedapparatus the pathogenic particle is a virus.

Pathogenic Infection

In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus the pathogenic infection isa fungal infection. In one embodiment of the disclosed apparatus thepathogenic infection is a bacterial infection. In one embodiment of thedisclosed apparatus the pathogenic infection is a viral infection.

Modifications and Other Embodiments

Various modifications and variations of the described methods,procedures, techniques, and compositions as the concept of the inventionwill be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from thescope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has beendescribed in connection with specific preferred embodiments, it shouldbe understood that the invention as claimed is not intended to belimited to such specific embodiments. Various modifications of thedescribed modes for carrying out the invention which are obvious tothose skilled in the medical, virological, immunological,pharmacological, molecular biological, physical sciences includingelectronic arts, or related fields are intended to be within the scopeof the following claims.

Incorporation by Reference

Each document, patent application or patent publication cited by orreferred to in this disclosure is incorporated by reference in itsentirety. Any patent document to which this application claims priorityis also incorporated by reference in its entirety. Specifically,priority document Provisional Application U.S. 61/186,610, filed Jun.12, 2009, including all its attachments; Montagnier, et al., Intediscip.Sci. Comput. Life Sci., pp. 1-10 (2009); Montagnier, et al.,Electromagnetic detection of HIV DNA in the blood of AIDS patientstreated by antiretroviral therapy; and Montagnier, System and Method forthe Analysis of DNA sequences in Biological Fluids are herebyincorporated by reference.

1. A method for detecting a polynucleotide comprising: isolating nucleicacid from a sample; diluting the isolated nucleic acid in an aqueoussolvent to produce a sample in a form suitable for measurement of lowfrequency electromagnetic emissions from nucleic acid or associatednanostructures in the sample over time; measuring or detecting said lowfrequency electromagnetic emissions over time; and determining thepresence of said nucleic acid in the sample by detecting anelectromagnetic emission signal (EMS) associated with saidpolynucleotide; wherein said signal is not produced by a sample isolatedfrom an otherwise identical source that does not contain the nucleicacid.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said nucleic acid is DNAproduced from an isolated viral polynucleotide or from a biologicalsample obtained from a subject infected with a virus encoding said viralpolynucleotide using PCR or another nucleic acid amplificationtechnique.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said nucleic acid is DNAproduced from a viral polynucleotide isolated from a biological sampleselected from the group consisting of blood, plasma, serum, seminalfluid, vaginal fluid, saliva, sweat, urine, and feces of said subject;or wherein said polynucleotide is obtained from a sample of potablewater.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said nucleic acid is viral DNAencoded by human immunodeficiency virus.
 5. The method of claim 1,wherein said nucleic acid is viral DNA encoded by a humanimmunodeficiency virus isolated from a subject who is undergoing ART(anti-retroviral treatment), undergoing treatment with one or moreinhibitors of reverse transcriptase, or is viral DNA encoded by aproviral form of a human immunodeficiency virus.
 6. The method of claim1, wherein said nucleic acid is viral DNA encoded by infectious materialisolated from a subject infected with human immunodeficiency virus thatpasses through a 20 nM filter.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein saiddiluting step dilutes the nucleic acid by about 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻¹³ comparedto its original concentration.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein saidmeasuring comprises placing the diluted nucleic acid near an antennaadapted to receive electromagnetic signals having a frequencyapproaching about 0 Hz to about 20 kHz and receiving the electromagneticsignals from the antenna.
 9. The method of claim 1, further comprisingperforming a time domain to frequency domain transformation on themeasured or detected signal, optionally on the signal components of themeasured or detected signal having frequencies between about 1 and20,000 Hz.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein measuring or detectingsaid low frequency electromagnetic signal emissions over time furthercomprises transmitting, outputting, displaying, printing, or producing adata structure representing the electromagnetic signal emissions oranalyzed electromagnetic signal emissions; or further comprisesoutputting, displaying, or printing a three dimensional histogram of theelectromagnetic signal emissions after Fourier transformation.
 11. Themethod of claim 1 for detecting an animal having a pathogenic infection,which comprises: a) obtaining a body fluid from an animal suspected ofhaving a pathogenic infection, b) filtering the body fluid to obtain afiltered body fluid, c) serial diluting of the filtered body fluid untilobtaining a dilution to test for EMS; wherein, the serial dilutingcomprises multiple cycles of: vortexing the filtered body fluid anddiluting the filtered body fluid at a dilution of 1:9; d) measuring anEMS from the diluted body fluid in step d), e) analyzing the EMS, f)determining if the EMS corresponds to an EMS produced by a pathogen. 12.The method of claim 1 for detecting a reservoir of humanimmunodeficiency virus in a subject comprising: (a) obtaining a sampleof body fluid from an animal, filtering the sample, vortexing thesample, diluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9, measuring an EMS fromthe diluted sample, analyzing the EMS, and determining if the EMScorresponds to HIV virus; (b) obtaining a sample of body fluid from ananimal, filtering the sample, serial diluting of the sample untilobtaining a dilution to test for EMS; wherein, the serial dilutingcomprises multiple cycles of: vortexing the filtered body fluid anddiluting the filtered body fluid at a dilution of 1:9; measuring an EMSfrom the diluted sample, analyzing the EMS, and determining if the EMScorresponds to HIV virus; (c) obtaining a sample of body fluid from ananimal, filtering the sample, treating filtered sample with an RNase,vortexing the sample, diluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9, andanalyzing diluted sample with RT-PCR; or (d) obtaining a sample of bodyfluid from an animal, filtering the sample, treating filtered samplewith an RNase, serial diluting of the filtered sample with the RNasebody until obtaining a dilution to test for EMS; wherein, the serialdiluting comprises multiple cycles of: vortexing the filtered body fluidand diluting the filtered body fluid at a dilution of 1:9; analyzingdiluted sample with RT-PCR; (e) obtaining a sample of body fluid from ananimal, filtering the sample, treating filtered sample vortexing thesample, diluting the sample at a dilution of 1:9, and analyzing dilutedsample using HIV primers with nested PCR; or (f) obtaining a sample ofbody fluid from an animal, filtering the sample, treating filteredsample, serial diluting of the filtered sample until obtaining adilution to test for EMS; wherein, the serial diluting comprisesmultiple cycles of: vortexing the filtered body fluid and diluting thefiltered body fluid at a dilution of 1:9; analyzing diluted sample usingHIV primers with nested PCR.
 13. The method of claim 1 for determiningthe efficacy of a treatment for a pathogenic disease, to determinewhether a subject has been cured of human immunodeficiency virus,detecting viral DNA in a subject with undetectable viral RNA, to assesseradication of a viral infection, or to confirm EMS generation by humanimmunodeficiency virus, respectively, comprising: (a) determiningefficacy of treatment of a pathogenic infection comprising: measuring anEMS in a person corresponding to an EMS from a pathogenic particle;treating the person with a treatment for which an efficiency is beingdetermined; measuring an EMS in the person treated with the treatment;and determining the relationship between the EMS before treatment andthe EMS after treatment; (b) determining whether a subject has beencured of a human immunodeficiency virus infection comprising: measuringan EMS in a person corresponding to an EMS from a HIV virus; treatingthe person with a treatment for which a cure is expected; and notdetecting an EMS in the person corresponding to the EMS from the HIVvirus; (c) detecting viral DNA in a patient with undetectable viral RNAcomprising: obtaining a sample of body fluid from a patient, filteringthe sample, treating filtered sample with an RNase, serial diluting ofthe filtered sample with the RNase until obtaining a dilution to testfor EMS; wherein, the serial diluting comprises multiple cycles of:vortexing the filtered body fluid and diluting the filtered body fluidat a dilution of 1:9; and analyzing diluted sample with RT-PCR; (d)assessing eradication of a viral infection based on reduction of viralDNA comprising: measuring an EMS in a person corresponding to an EMSfrom a viral DNA; treating the person with a treatment for which anefficiency is being determined; measuring an EMS in the person treatedwith the treatment; and determining the relationship between the EMSbefore treatment and the EMS after treatment; or (e) confirming EMSgeneration by human immunodeficiency virus comprising: obtaining asample from a patient, filtering the sample, treating filtered samplewith an RNase, vortexing the sample, diluting the sample at a dilutionof 1:9, and amplifying the diluted sample with RT-PCR using a PCR primerfor a HIV gene sequence
 14. A method for amplifying a DNA samplecomprising: filtering a sample containing DNA, optionally, treating saidsample with RNase, diluting or serially diluting the filtered sample,wherein said diluting or serially diluting comprises vigorous agitationor vortexing of the filtered sample, and amplifying DNA from saiddiluted sample by a method selected from the group consisting ofpolymerase chain reaction (PCR), nested-PCR, RT-PCR, nested RT-PCR, andother conventional DNA amplification methods.
 15. The method of claim14, wherein said sample is treated with RNase after filtration.
 16. Themethod of claim 14, wherein said sample is serially diluted by a factorof 1/10 (one part sample to nine parts diluent) to a dilution of 10⁻⁷ to10⁻¹³ based on the concentration of DNA in the original sample.
 17. Themethod of claim 14, wherein the sample is obtained from a subjectinfected with a human immunodeficiency virus.
 18. The method of claim14, wherein said sample is material that passes through a 20 nM filterthat is isolated from a subject infected with human immunodeficiencyvirus.
 19. A composition comprising a filtered, vortexed, diluted sampleof DNA, prepared according to the method of claim 1, wherein thefiltered, vortexed, diluted sample of DNA has a detectableelectromagnetic signal.
 20. An apparatus to analyze a sample obtainedfrom a subject having a pathogenic infection comprising: a sampleloading device; a sample filtering device; a sample diluting device; asample vortexing device; a sample measuring device for EMS; an EMSanalyzer; and a data display device.